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Ramsar Sites in India are designated wetlands of international importance under the Ramsar Convention, a global treaty for wetland conservation. These sites provide critical habitats for biodiversity, support water regulation, and benefit local communities. As of 2025, India has significantly expanded its network of Ramsar Sites, reflecting its commitment to environmental sustainability.

In September 2025, Gokul Jalashay in Buxar district and Udaipur Jheel in West Champaran district of Bihar were declared as Ramsar Sites, giving them global recognition as wetlands of international importance. With this addition, India’s total Ramsar sites have increased to 93, while Bihar now hosts five such protected wetlands. These new inclusions highlight the ecological richness of Bihar, strengthen conservation efforts for migratory birds and aquatic biodiversity, and ensure better protection against threats like pollution, encroachment, and unsustainable land use.

On 4 June 2025, on the occasion of World Environment Day, two wetlands from Rajasthan—Khichan in Phalodi and Menar in Udaipur—were officially designated as Ramsar Sites. With this addition, the total number of Ramsar Sites in India has increased to 93, marking the highest number of such sites in any Asian country. The designation of these wetlands highlights their international importance and underscores India’s ongoing commitment to wetland conservation. Ramsar Sites play a vital role in preserving biodiversity, supporting ecological stability, and sustaining livelihoods.

New Ramsar Sites in India 2025

India has always been known for its rich water heritage, and Rajasthan stands as a remarkable example of traditional water conservation. Among the many man-made lakes and reservoirs, Gokul Jalashay and Udaipur Jheel hold special significance. These water bodies are not only a lifeline for their regions but also represent the architectural brilliance and ecological foresight of ancient India.

• With these additions, Bihar now has five Ramsar sites.
• India’s total number of Ramsar sites rose to 93 after the inclusion of these two.

Gokul Jalashay

• It is an oxbow lake on the southern edge of the Ganga River. 
• Acts as a natural buffer during floods for nearby villages.
• Habitat for 50+ bird species.
• Local livelihoods: support fishing, farming, and irrigation.

Udaipur Jheel

• Also, an oxbow lake is surrounded by a village.
• Rich flora: more than 280 plant species, including Alysicarpus roxburghianus, a perennial herb endemic to India.
• Important as a wintering ground for ~35 migratory bird species, including the common pochard (vulnerable), among others.
• Bordering forest cover (dense forest to the north and west in the Udaipur Jheel site).

In June 2025, two additional wetlands from Rajasthan—Khichan and Menar—were officially designated as Ramsar Sites, further reinforcing India’s commitment to the conservation of ecologically vital wetlands. With this inclusion, the total number of Ramsar-recognized wetlands in India has reached 91, positioning the country among the global leaders in wetland conservation.

Rajasthan now hosts four Ramsar Sites, including the newly designated Khichan and Menar, alongside the previously recognized Sambhar Salt Lake and Keoladeo Ghana National Park. The Ramsar Convention, established in 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, identifies wetlands of international importance, offering these ecosystems increased global attention, enhanced funding prospects, and stronger conservation frameworks.

Ramsar Site Khichan

Khichan, a village in Rajasthan’s Phalodi district, is renowned for hosting over 30,000 Demoiselle cranes each winter, migrating from Central Asia. Its unique community-led conservation involves daily feeding at locally built chugga ghars, attracting bird watchers worldwide. The area is also designated as the Kurja Conservation Reserve, covering around 3 sq km to protect the birds and their habitat.

Ramsar Site Menar

Menar, in the Udaipur district, is known as India’s “Bird Village.” It features Brahma Talab and Dhand Talab lakes, which attract over 180 bird species. Villagers have banned hunting, set up bird-watching zones, and celebrate an annual bird festival. Their efforts in biodiversity protection and eco-tourism have led to Menar’s inclusion as a Ramsar Site.

What are Ramsar Sites

Ramsar Sites are wetlands identified for conservation due to their ecological, biological, and hydrological importance. The designation is based on criteria that include biodiversity, support for threatened species, and role in groundwater recharge. India signed the Ramsar Convention in 1982 and has since added numerous wetlands to the list.

Also Read: Tiger Reserves In India 2025

How Are Ramsar Sites Designated in India?

In India, Ramsar Sites are designated through a collaborative process involving the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), state governments, and scientific organizations. A proposed wetland undergoes ecological assessments and stakeholder consultations before being nominated for Ramsar recognition. Upon approval by the Ramsar Secretariat, the wetland gains international protection and support.

How Many Ramsar Sites Are There in India in 2025?

As of 2025, there are 91 Ramsar Sites in India spanning across various ecological zones. These wetlands collectively cover over 1.2 million hectares and contribute significantly to global biodiversity.

List of Ramsar Sites in India 2025

Below is the list of all the Ramsar Sites in India as of now along with the states in which they are situated.

State-Wise Ramsar Sites in India

India’s Ramsar Sites are distributed across different states, contributing to regional ecological balance. Here are some notable examples:

First Ramsar Site in India

India’s first Ramsar Sites were designated in 1982. The Chilika Lake in Odisha and Keoladeo National Park in Rajasthan were the initial sites, recognized for their ecological significance and role as bird habitats.

Largest and Smallest Ramsar Sites in India

• Largest Ramsar Site in India: The Sundarbans Wetland in West Bengal is the largest, covering approximately 423,000 hectares. It supports the world’s largest mangrove ecosystem and is a critical habitat for the Bengal tiger.
• Smallest Ramsar Site in India: The Renuka Wetland in Himachal Pradesh is the smallest, spanning just 20 hectares. Despite its size, it serves as an important cultural and ecological site.

Ramsar Sites in India According to Geographical Features

To categorize the diverse Ramsar Sites in India, distinctions are drawn based on geographical origin, nutrient status, vegetation types, and thermal characteristics.

Ramsar Sites in India Features

Ramsar Sites in India exhibit a diverse range of features, reflecting the country’s rich ecological and geographical diversity. These features are instrumental in supporting biodiversity, water resources, and the overall well-being of the environment.  Given below are some essential features of:

Importance of Ramsar Sites in India

Ramsar Sites provide multiple benefits, including:

1. Biodiversity Conservation: Protecting habitats for endangered species and migratory birds.
2. Water Management: Maintaining groundwater levels and regulating floods.
3. Livelihood Support: Providing resources like fish, reeds, and water for local communities.
4. Tourism and Recreation: Promoting eco-tourism and birdwatching.

Efforts Toward Wetland Conservation

Wetlands play a vital role in filtering water, preventing floods, and supporting diverse life forms. They act as carbon sinks, helping to address climate change. They also contribute to the economy through fishing, farming, and tourism. But wetlands are under threat due to pollution and expanding urban areas. Their protection is key to maintaining both environmental balance and economic value. Below are some of the major conservation efforts at different levels:

Global Initiatives

Montreux Record (1990) – This is a list under the Ramsar Convention highlighting wetlands where ecological changes have occurred or are likely due to human activities, pollution, or technological development. It helps identify priority sites for conservation action.

World Wetlands Day – Observed on February 2nd each year, it commemorates the signing of the Ramsar Convention in 1971. The day focuses on spreading awareness of wetlands’ importance and encouraging steps to prevent their degradation.

National Initiatives (India)

Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017 – These rules set up a structured framework to protect India’s wetlands. They call for the creation of State Wetland Authorities and involve communities in conservation. They also restrict harmful activities that could damage these ecosystems.

National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems (NPCA), 2015 – This integrated plan merged earlier schemes for wetlands and lakes. It aims to protect aquatic ecosystems using a holistic approach, including research, capacity building, and local participation.

Amrit Dharohar Capacity Building Scheme, 2023 – This program trains and equips people involved in wetland conservation—government staff, local groups, and practitioners. It supports sustainable practices and emphasizes traditional knowledge in managing wetlands.

National Wetland Conservation Programme (NWCP), 1987 – This long-running initiative provides financial aid to states to develop and implement wetland management plans. It seeks to stop wetland degradation, restore damaged ecosystems, and increase public and policymaker awareness.

India’s Ramsar Sites demonstrate the country’s dedication to wetland conservation. With 85 Ramsar Sites in 2025, these wetlands not only safeguard biodiversity but also provide essential ecological services. Responsible tourism and community involvement can further enhance their conservation. Visit the official MoEFCC website for the updated Ramsar Sites in India List 2025.

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