ANTARCTIC TREATY CONSULTATIVE MEETING (Syllabus: GS Paper 2– IR)

Context: The 46th Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM) and the 26th Meeting of the Committee for Environment Protection (CEP) will be held in Kochi from May 20-30.

 Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM)

• About: The meeting occurs annually as part of the Antarctic Treaty System, providing a platform for Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties and stakeholders to address various environmental, scientific, and governance concerns related to Antarctica.
• Importance of Meeting: It plays a crucial role in protecting Antarctica's delicate ecosystem and advancing scientific exploration in the area.
• Held: Every two years.

Antarctic Treaty

• Origins:  The Antarctic Treaty was signed in Washington on December 1, 1959, by 12 countries involved in the International Geophysical Year (IGY) of 1957-58.
• Global Acceptance: Enacted in 1961, the Treaty has garnered adherence from 56 nations, showcasing broad international support and recognition.
• Diverse Representation: The Treaty's signatories encompass a diverse range of nations worldwide, emphasizing a global consensus on its principles.
• Participation Criteria: Nations are eligible to partake in Consultative Meetings upon demonstrating substantial research activity in Antarctica.
• Framework and Governance: Comprising 14 articles, the Treaty establishes a comprehensive framework for governing activities in Antarctica.
• Peaceful Utilization: Central to the Treaty is the stipulation that Antarctica must be utilized solely for peaceful purposes, forbidding any militaristic endeavors while allowing for military involvement in scientific or peaceful pursuits.