Explore how Feudalism structured medieval Europe, how the Renaissance sparked cultural rebirth and innovation, and how the Reformation redefined Christianity—shaping modern European society and thought.
Feudalism as a political and socio-economic system developed in Europe during the Middle Ages characterized by a hierarchical system of lords and vassals, where land was granted in exchange for military service and loyalty.

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System of guilds was developed. |
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The Modern Era witnessed a period of significant cultural, social, and political change in Europe (beginning with Italy) spanning from 14th century until the 17th century. Its main features were the Renaissance and Reformation movements that had a profound impact on the course of European history.

Renaissance movement was characterized by a renewed interest in classical knowledge, humanism, artistic innovation, and scientific exploration, which had profound impact on various aspects of human civilization.
The Reformation was a religious movement that began in the 16th century leading to the division of Western Christianity into Protestant and Catholic factions, rejecting the authority of the Catholic Church.

Reformation was indeed a significant religious movement that emerged in the 16th century and profoundly shaped the course of Western Christianity. Triggered by various theological, political, and social factors, the Reformation brought about sweeping changes to the religious landscape of Europe and led to the establishment of Protestantism as a distinct branch of Christianity.
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