Name *

Email Address *

Phone *

Select *ExamUPSCUPPCSBPSC

Select *MediumEnglishHindi

Submit

The Strait of Hormuz is one of the most geopolitically sensitive waterways in the world. Located between Iran and Oman, this narrow passage connects the oil-rich Persian Gulf to the open seas of the Gulf of Oman and Arabian Sea. Every day, millions of barrels of crude oil and large volumes of liquefied natural gas (LNG) pass through this maritime corridor, making it central to global energy markets. The strait’s strategic importance is not just economic but deeply intertwined with regional politics and global security.

Also Read: Bharat Forecast System

Strait of Hormuz 2025 Geographic Overview

The Strait of Hormuz is approximately 167 km long and at its narrowest point, it is just 33 km wide. It separates Iran on the north from the Musandam Peninsula of Oman on the south. It serves as the only sea passage from the Persian Gulf to the open ocean, making it a crucial maritime artery. On the world map, it is located between latitudes 26°N and longitudes 56°E.

Strait of Hormuz Map Overview:

Also Read: Padma Awards 2025

Strait of Hormuz on World Map

Courtesy: Map of World

The strait is clearly visible on any political world map and is situated between the southern coast of Iran and the northern tip of Oman. It connects the landlocked Persian Gulf with the Arabian Sea, making it the only maritime route for Persian Gulf nations to export oil and gas to the rest of the world.

Also Read: Chief Justice of India

Countries Surrounding Hormuz Strait

The Strait of Hormuz is bordered by two key countries: Iran to the north and Oman and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to the south.

Strait of Hormuz Closed by Iran Recent Developments

In 2025, tensions flared in the region when Iran’s parliament approved a motion authorizing the potential closure of the Strait of Hormuz. This move was a reaction to international military developments and perceived economic pressures. Although this decision is pending final executive clearance, it caused immediate reactions in oil markets, with prices jumping temporarily due to fears of disruption.

While Iran has threatened closure multiple times in history, such as during the Iran–Iraq War or in response to sanctions, the strait has never been fully closed. Any such action would not only damage global economies but also hurt Iran’s own exports. As a result, full closure remains a highly unlikely but severe scenario.

Also Read: UPSC Chairman List

Strait of Hormuz Importance 2025

The Strait of Hormuz holds immense importance due to the volume of oil and gas that flows through it. As of 2024–2025, about 20 million barrels of crude oil pass through the strait daily, accounting for nearly one-quarter of the world’s seaborne oil trade and about one-fifth of total global oil consumption. It also handles nearly 20% of the global LNG trade, primarily from Qatar.

Strait of Hormuz  Energy Flow Breakdown:

The strait’s role is irreplaceable for many economies, especially in Asia. Around 84% of the oil passing through Hormuz goes to markets in China, India, Japan, and South Korea.

Why Strait of Hormuz Closure Matters

Impacts of a Closure Scenario:

Even short-term disruption can significantly impact oil supply chains, especially for energy-dependent countries. The presence of international naval forces in the region, including fleets from major powers, is a deterrent to any permanent closure.

Strait of Hormuz Alternate Pipelines and Bypass Routes

Several Gulf countries have attempted to reduce their dependence on the Strait of Hormuz by constructing alternate oil and gas pipelines. However, these alternatives cannot fully replace the strait’s role.

Major Bypass Routes for State of Hormuz:

Despite these efforts, over two-thirds of Gulf energy exports must still pass through Hormuz. Thus, the strait remains indispensable.

Strait of Hormuz Key Points for UPSC

• Location and bordering nations
• Percentage of oil and LNG passing through
• Impacts of a potential closure
• Regional geopolitical dynamics

Implications for India

India imports over 85% of its crude oil, and nearly half of this comes via the Strait of Hormuz. A disruption here would not only raise energy prices domestically but could lead to broader economic impacts such as inflation, trade deficits, and strategic vulnerability.

India has taken some steps to mitigate this risk through:

• Diversification of energy sources
• Strategic petroleum reserves
• Increasing renewable energy output
• LNG imports from other regions

Nevertheless, in the short to medium term, the security of the Strait of Hormuz remains crucial for India’s energy and economic stability.

Are you preparing for UPSC Mains 2025? Join IAShub’s UPSC coaching batches to boost your preparation. Enroll now!

The Strait of Hormuz is far more than a geographic feature — it is a strategic artery that sustains the global economy. Despite frequent threats of closure, it has remained open, largely due to its indispensable role and the risks involved in disrupting global oil and gas flows. As recent events have shown, even the possibility of closure triggers immediate economic and political ripple effects. For countries like India and for UPSC aspirants, understanding the geography, economics, and geopolitics of the Strait of Hormuz is essential. With global energy security hanging in balance, the world continues to watch this narrow stretch of water with intense focus.

Strait of Hormuz 2025 FAQs

Why is the Strait of Hormuz important?

 The Strait of Hormuz is a critical maritime chokepoint through which nearly 25% of global seaborne oil and a large share of LNG transit daily. It connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea. Any disruption here can severely impact global energy supplies and prices.

Where is the Strait of Hormuz located on the world map?

The Strait of Hormuz lies between Iran to the north and Oman to the south, linking the Persian Gulf with the Arabian Sea. It appears as a narrow waterway on the world map, strategically situated in West Asia. It is one of the most vital geographic features for global trade and security.

Has the Strait of Hormuz ever been closed by Iran?

 While Iran has frequently threatened to close the Strait of Hormuz in response to sanctions or military pressure, it has never actually done so. Closure would harm Iran’s own exports and provoke international response. However, such threats do raise oil prices and regional tensions.

What would happen if the Strait of Hormuz was closed?

 A closure of the Strait of Hormuz would disrupt global oil and gas flows, cause a spike in energy prices, and increase geopolitical instability. Countries heavily reliant on Gulf energy exports, like India and China, would face economic stress. Global markets would also react swiftly to such an event.

Why is the Strait of Hormuz relevant for UPSC preparation?

 The Strait of Hormuz features frequently in UPSC exams under international relations, geography, and current affairs. Its strategic location, energy relevance, and role in global security make it a key topic. UPSC aspirants should understand its geopolitical significance and recent developments.