theIASHub | 09 Apr, 2025
Topological materials: Recently, Microsoft released a quantum-computing chip made of such topological materials.
o Such materials were discovered in the second half of the 20th century, and some of their discoverers won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2016.
o To understand why these materials work, one needs quantum mechanics, whose foundational principles were discovered 100 years ago.
o 2025 has been declared as the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology by the UN.
o A mirror is not one material but two — glass (shy electrons) and metal (unruly electrons).
o A mirror feels like glass but reflects like a steel plate. It has a thin metal layer at the back.
o The glass lets light through, and metal reflects it back. This combination makes a long-lasting mirror.
o Imagine a block of glass with silver on all sides — it will look like metal but won’t conduct inside. Creating such behaviour in a single material results in topological materials.
o To deeply understand this, consider learning quantum mechanics, such as through physics courses at institutions like IIT Kanpur.
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