theIASHub | 30 Nov, 2023
Context: Recently, the UK reported the first human case of a new strain of swine flu, prompting health authorities to investigate and determine the origin of the virus.
Swine Flu
Influenza: It is an acute viral infection of the respiratory tract which is considered to be one of the life-threatening infectious diseases. Human influenza viruses are single-stranded RNA viruses.
oInfluenza A viruses: They are further classified into subtypes according to the combinations of the hemagglutinin (HA) and the neuraminidase (NA), the proteins on the surface of the virus. Ex: A(H1N1) and A(H3N2) influenza viruses. Only influenza type A viruses are known to have caused pandemics.
oInfluenza B viruses: They are not classified into subtypes, but can be broken down into lineages. Currently circulating influenza type B viruses belong to either B/Yamagata or B/Victoria lineage.
oInfluenza C virus: It is detected less frequently and usually causes mild infections, thus does not present public health importance.
oInfluenza D viruses: They primarily affect cattle and are not known to infect or cause illness in people.
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