President’s Rule imposed in Manipur

1.President’s Rule imposed in Manipur: Indian President recently issued a proclamation under Article 356 of the Constitution after receiving a report from Governor

• About: The State Emergency is imposed under Article 356 when a state's constitutional machinery fails. It allows the central government to take direct control of state governance.

oIt is one of the three types of emergencies under the Indian Constitution.

oInvoked due to political instability, law & order breakdown, or a hung assembly.

• Constitutional Provisions: Union must protect states from external aggression & internal disturbances (Article 355) → President can take over a state's functions if its government fails constitutionally (Article 356) → Allows President to legislate for the state through ordinances (Article 357) → If a state fails to follow the Centre’s directions, the President can assume control (Article 365).
• Parliamentary Approval & Duration: As per Article 356(3), the proclamation must be approved by both Houses of Parliament within two months, else it will cease to operate.

oInitially for six months, extendable up to three years with approval every six months.

oPresident can revoke at any time without parliamentary approval.

• Supreme Court Judgments on President’s Rule: S.R. Bommai Case (1994) & Rameshwar Prasad Case (2006)
• Key Recommendations by Commissions: Sarkaria Commission & Punchhi Commission
• Previous President’s Rule in Manipur: Last imposed from June 2, 2001, to March 6, 2002 (277 days).