3.NIPUN Bharat Mission: The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) 2024 shows improvement in foundational learning outcomes, especially in Grade III across Indian states.
o NIPUN Bharat Mission transformed early-grade classrooms by focusing on literacy and numeracy.
o Uttar Pradesh: Ravi Sharma, a primary teacher, uses songs to teach math.
o Odisha: Second-grader Shragatika Ghosh confidently reads Odia stories aloud.
o UP: Grade III students' ability to read Grade II texts rose from 24% to 34% (2022-2024).
o Subtraction skills improved from 29% to 41%.
o Odisha: Colourful, contextualized workbooks contributed to similar gains.
o Nationally: Millions more children can read and solve basic math problems.
o Focus on: Grades III–V to bridge early learning & higher-order skills, and early Childhood Education (ECE) for preschool readiness.
o NNPE 1986: Focused on education for all, primary education, and open universities.
o POA PE 1968: Based on Kothari Commission's recommendations.
o 1992: Emphasized early childhood care and universal elementary education.