theIASHub | 01 Feb, 2025
2.Tiger population in India: According to the National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS) survey the tiger population in India increased by 30% over the past two decades.
o Source populations supported by corridors and sustainable land-use practices helped tiger dispersal into multi-use forests.
o Tigers now coexist with over 66 million people, proving coexistence is possible.
o Strong legislative support has aided tiger recovery, including - Wildlife Protection Act, Forest Conservation Act, and National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA)
o Economic prosperity and cultural values have influenced tiger persistence, recovery, and colonisation.
o Higher tiger recolonisation observed in regions with lower forest dependence and better socio-economic conditions.
o Tiger decline seen in areas with high poverty and armed conflict (e.g., Naxal-affected regions of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand).
o Strengthen anti-poaching measures.
o Promote sustainable livelihoods for communities near tiger habitats.
o Enhance human-wildlife conflict mitigation through early warning systems and rapid response teams.
o Subspecies of tiger: the continental (Panthera tigris tigris) and the Sunda (Panthera tigris sondaica)
o Habitats: Tropical rainforests, evergreen forests, temperate forests, mangrove swamps, grasslands, and savannas
o Status: IUCN Red list – Endangered, CITES Status - Appendix 1, and Wild life protection Act Tiger Range Countries: Schedule 1
o Found: 13 countries which include India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, Lao PDR (People's Democratic Republic), Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Russia, Thailand, Viet Nam, China and Indonesia.
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