theIASHub | 15 Apr, 2025
2. International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT): As per the findings by the ICRISAT, Land-holding farmers who engage in non-farming activity tend to improve labour efficiency on their farms.
o Objective: To tackle hunger, malnutrition, poverty, and environmental degradation for 2.1 billion people in drylands of Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and beyond.
o Establishment: Set up under a Memorandum of Agreement between the Government of India and CGIAR on 28 March 1972.
o Legal Status: Recognized as an “International Organisation” under Section 3 of the United Nations (Privileges and Immunities) Act, 1947 through Gazette Notification on 28 October 1972.
o Innovations: Mapped genome of cultivated groundnut (world first) → Released first commercial pigeonpea hybrid in India → Introduced Africa’s first biofortified pearl millet.
o Headquarters: Located in India, with offices in Eastern & Southern Africa, West & Central Africa.
o Research Programs: Accelerated Crop Improvement, Resilient Farm and Food Systems, and Enabling Systems Transformation.
o Focus Crops: Chickpea, pigeonpea, groundnut, sorghum, pearl millet, finger millet, small millet, oilseeds.
o Migration benefits: Farmers migrating within/outside their State gain knowledge of new farm practices which they use upon return.
o Labour support: Families or hired labour manage farms in the farmer’s absence.
o Policy Recommendation: Promote structured non-farm employment to maximise positive spillovers on farming.
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