GRADED RESPONSE ACTION PLAN (Syllabus: GS Paper 3 - Environmental Pollution)

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Context: Moving ahead with this vision and to further strengthen the measures to combat air pollution especially ‘Severe’ and ‘Severe+’ air quality stages generally encountered in NCR during peak winters, the Commission for Air Quality Management in NCR & Adjoining Areas (CAQM) announced revision in the existing Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP).

The revised GRAP will come into force w.e.f. 01st October, 2023 in the entire NCR.

Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP)

About : A set of emergency measures that kick in to prevent further deterioration of air quality once it reaches a certain threshold in the Delhi-NCR region.

Origin: Approved by the Supreme Court in 2016 and notified in 2017, the plan was formulated.

Basis: It is based on a plan that was submitted by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in November 2016.

Notification: The GRAP was first notified in January 2017 by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.

Implementation: The Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) has constituted a sub-committee for the operationalization of the GRAP.

This body includes officials from the CAQM, member secretaries of pollution control boards of Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan, the Central Pollution Control Board, a scientist from the IMD and one from the IITM and Health Advisor.
The sub-committee is required to meet frequently to issue orders to invoke the GRAP.
The orders and directions of the CAQM will prevail in case of any conflict between directions issued by the State governments and the CAQM.

Various stages:

Stage 1 of GRAP: Activated when the AQI is in the ‘poor’ category (201 to 300), and On Wednesday, for instance, the AQI in Delhi was 211.
Second, third and fourth stages: Activated three days ahead of the AQI reaching the ‘very poor’ category (301 to 400), ‘severe’ category (401 to 450) and ‘severe +’ category (above 450).

Data Source: For this, the CAQM is relying on air quality and meteorological forecasts by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) and the India Meteorological Department (IMD).

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