theIASHub | 18 Mar, 2025
Gene-edited bananas: It was recently developed by UK-based Biotech Company Tropic claim to remain fresh and yellow for 12 hours after being peeled.
o Browning is caused by the enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO), which breaks down the yellow pigment when in contact with oxygen.
o Bananas produce large amounts of ethylene, which triggers PPO activity and accelerates ripening.
o Gene-editing was used to disable PPO production without affecting the ripening process.
o Similar technique used in Arctic apples and shown to work in tomatoes, melon, kiwifruits, and mushrooms.
o Supports sustainability by cutting losses during harvesting and transportation.
o In India, fruit wastage caused a loss of over ₹30,000 crores in 2021, much of it from bananas and mangoes.
o Bacteria store viral DNA in CRISPR arrays to "remember" past infections.
o When re-infected, bacteria produce guide RNA that binds to the viral DNA, and the Cas9 enzyme cuts it, disabling the virus.
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