Forever Chemicals

Forever Chemicals: A new study revealed that the fur of polar bears contains an oily substance that helps them remain dry despite the creatures sliding on ice and diving into the water to hunt.

  • About the key findings: It could help develop natural alternatives to Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAs), also known as "forever chemicals."
  • Key Observations: Unwashed fur samples contained sebum similar to fluorinated ski skins, which help skis grip ice.

o Fluorinated ski skins contain PFAs, widely used in nonstick cookware, water-repellent clothing, and grease-resistant products.
o PFAs do not break down easily and are linked to decreased fertility and developmental effects in children.

  • Composition Analysis: Fur sebum lacks squalene, a substance dominant in human sebum.

o Contains cholesterol and other fatty acids (possibly unique to polar bears, but further studies are needed).

  • Significance: Findings could aid in designing natural, environmentally friendly coatings to reduce PFA dependence.
  • About Polar Bears: Largest carnivorous land mammals on Earth.

o The only bear species classified as marine mammals, as they rely on Arctic sea ice for food and habitat.

  • Distribution: Mostly found north of the Arctic Circle up to the North Pole.

o Some populations exist south of the Arctic Circle, e.g., Hudson Bay, Canada.

o Inhabit Alaska, Canada, Russia, Greenland, and Norway's northern islands (Svalbard).

  • Conservation Status: IUCN Red List – Vulnerable & CITES - Appendix II