Fluoride Poisoning

Sonbhadra district (Uttar Pradesh) is experiencing high levels of fluoride pollution in groundwater.

• About extent of contamination: More than 2 lakh people in 276 villages are affected.
• Groundwater fluoride levels in Kon, Bhabni, Myorpur, and Duddhi blocks are 5-6 times higher than the prescribed limit.
• • Health Impacts: Causes weak and deformed bones → Children are born with disabilities → Elderly population struggles to walk due to skeletal issues.
  • NGT's Order & Implementation Issues: National Green Tribunal (NGT) had directed action against fluoride contamination.

  o Local administration failed to implement measures effectively, forcing people to drink contaminated water.

  • About Fluoride: A non-biodegradable, long-term pollutant found in minerals, soil, water, and air, which released into the environment by burning coal bricks.
  • Toxicity & Recommended Limits: Highly toxic in excessive amounts. WHO’s safe limit for fluoride in drinking water: 1.5 mg/liter.
  • Effects of Fluoride:

  o Benefits (in adequate amounts): Prevents tooth decay → aids in tooth enamel formation → prevents bone mineral loss.

  o Harmful Effects (in excessive amounts): Weakens bones & joints → causes skeletal and dental fluorosis → adversely affects wildlife.