Fecal Coliform Bacteria

The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has recently reported that faecal coliform bacteria levels in Ganga and Yamuna at Prayagraj Sangam are much higher than the safe limit of 2,500 units per 100 ml of water.

• Key highlights of the report: The Ganga and Yamuna at Prayagraj Sangam are unfit for drinking and bathing, posing health risks.

o The National Green Tribunal (NGT) is hearing the matter and has sought a report from authorities.

• Maha Kumbh Mela: NGT has instructed the UP government to ensure proper sewage management during the event.
• About Fecal Coliform Bacteria: Microorganisms primarily found in feces of warm-blooded animals and humans, causes gastrointestinal infections, skin and eye infections, typhoid, hepatitis A, and respiratory issues.

o Types: Includes Escherichia, Klebsiella, and E. coli.

• About Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB): Set up in September 1974 under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.
• Powers & Functions:

o Air Pollution Control: Empowered under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.

o Environmental Protection: Provides technical services under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.