theIASHub | 21 Apr, 2025
Enzymes/Coenzymes: A recent published paper by Chinese Academy of Sciences titled ‘Gene-edited plants make the jump from farm to factory’, highlighted a breakthrough in Enzymes or Coenzymes (CoQ10) Bio-fortification in rice.
o Cofactors are molecules required by many enzymes for efficient functioning.
o Coenzymes are naturally occurring organic molecules that bind to and support the activity of enzymes.
o Coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) is a molecule with several isoprene units that act as antioxidants and provide stability against stress.
o Ubiquinone is present in every cell membrane and is crucial for energy production.
o CoQ exists in 10 types (CoQ1 to CoQ10), each being a lipid-soluble, and water-insoluble antioxidant molecule in the respiratory chain.
o Coenzymes play a vital role in the mitochondrial function, the major energy producer in the cell.
o Rich in wheat, rice, oats, barley, corn, rye, and millet.
o Also found in bamboo, barley, and flowering plants such as cinnamon, avocado, and pepper.
o Organs such as the heart, with high energy demands, contain high concentrations of CoQ10.
o CoQ9 is rich in daily foods like rice, wheat, and maize.
o Humans need more CoQ10 due to genetic factors, ageing, and neurological problems.
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