theIASHub | 11 Apr, 2025 | 5
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Mahatma Jyotiba Phule: April 11 marks the birth anniversary of Mahatma Jyotiba Phule (1827–1890), a pioneering social reformer, educationist, and anti-caste activist, whose legacy continues to inspire social justice movements in India.
o Influenced by Thomas Paine’s Age of Reason that critiqued Christian orthodoxy, which Phule related to Hindu orthodoxy.
o Supported working with the British government for upliftment of Dalits and women.
o Bailed out Tilak and Gopal Ganesh Agarkar from Dongri Jail despite ideological differences.
o Text is a dialogue between a Brahman and a Shudra that challenges Brahmanical hegemony.
Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti Nirman Scheme: Recently, the Central Government has enhanced the material cost by 9.50% under the Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti Nirman (PM POSHAN) Scheme.
About Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti Nirman Scheme: It was earlier known as the National Programme of Mid-Day Meal in Schools. In September 2021, the Mid-Day Meal Scheme was renamed as Pradhan Mantri POSHAN Scheme.o The scheme aims at providing nutritional support and enhancing school participation of students.
o Improve nutritional status of eligible children in Government and Government-aided schools.
o Encourage poor children, belonging to disadvantaged sections, to attend school more regularly and help them concentrate on classroom activities.
o Provide nutritional support to children of the elementary stage in drought-affected and disaster-affected areas during summer vacation.
Pegasus: India is the second most impacted country by the NSO Group’s Pegasus spyware, with 100 Indians targeted out of 1,223 individuals globally using WhatsApp in 2019, according to court documents.
o It can infect phones via exploit links or missed video calls, requiring no user interaction.
o Once installed, it grants complete access to the target's phone, including passwords, messages, calls, camera, and microphone.
o Activates the phone’s camera and microphone for live surveillance.
o Works on Android, iOS, BlackBerry, and Symbian devices.
o Leaves no trace, has a self-destruct feature, and uses minimal resources to avoid detection.
Thangjing Hill: A fresh controversy has erupted in Manipur over the alleged renaming of Thangjing Hill range — sacred to the Meitei community — as ‘Thangting Camp’ of the Kuki National Front – Military Council (KNF-MC).
o The hill lies in the Churachandpur-Khaopum Protected Forests, under Henglep police station in Kuki-Zomi majority Churachandpur district.
o It is associated with the Ibudhou Thangjing temple, believed to be the original abode of deity Thangjing. The Kuki residents refer to the hill range as ‘Thangting’.
o The Manipur Names of Places Act, introduced in March 2025, makes unauthorised renaming of places a punishable offence.
EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR): The European Commission is planning to revise the GDPR due to its cumbersome compliance burden on businesses.
o It imposes obligations on organizations anywhere, as long as they target or collect data related to people in the EU.
o It aims to give consumers control over their personal data by holding companies accountable for how they handle and treat this information.
o It regulates the processing of digital personal data and includes provisions to protect privacy in the digital age.
o Applicability: It applies to processing of digital personal data within India, whether collected online or offline and later digitized.
o It also applies to processing outside India, if it involves goods or services for data principals within India.
Renewable Energy (RE) status: India’s renewable energy sector witnessed historic growth in FY 2024–25, with a record capacity addition of 29.52 GW.
o It plays a critical role in India’s climate goals, energy security, and decentralised energy access.
o The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), under Union Minister Shri Pralhad Joshi, leads key initiatives to scale up RE deployment in India.
o Includes 65.29 GW from emerging solutions such as: Hybrid systems → Round-the-clock (RTC) power → Peaking power → Thermal + RE bundling projects
Bio-CNG Plant: Uttar Pradesh’s first and India’s second waste-to-CNG plant is being established in Prayagraj.
o Operated under Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model.
o Adani Gas Limited will lay a pipeline for biofuel supply.
o Expected to save Rs 5 crore annually in waste disposal.
o Will utilise one-third of Prayagraj’s waste.
o Produced from organic waste like: crop residues, straw, manure, spoiled food, leftovers, and solid waste from wastewater treatment plants.
Sea Lions: An algal bloom along the California coast has released a neurotoxin, causing sea lions to become aggressive and attack beachgoers and surfers.
o Domoic acid is released by toxic diatom algae Pseudo-nitzschia, which thrives under nutrient-rich ocean conditions.
o The toxin enters the marine food chain, affecting small fish and predators like sea lions that consume them.
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