QUAD (Syllabus: GS Paper 2 – IR)

Context: Leaders of the Quad nations may not be able to meet for a summit in India before the U.S. elections, U.S. Ambassador said.

Quad:

• About: It is also known as the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue or simply the Quad, is an Informal strategic forum.
• History: It was initially proposed by Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe in 2007. Nevertheless, the initiative faced obstacles as Australia withdrew from it, seemingly influenced by Chinese pressure, which hindered its progress.
• Established: 2007 (1st time); lasted until 2008, 2017 (re-established).
• Members: United States, Japan, India, and Australia.
• Aim: To promote regional security and economic cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region.
• Quad Plus: A first Quad Plus meeting that included representatives from South Korea, New Zealand, and Vietnam.