Context: The postCovid19 world must be used as an opportunity for ensuring ecologically sustainable economic growth.
Issue involved with Climate change and Biodiversity Loss:
Public Health Issue:
Loss of Biodiversity and ever-increasing human incursions: into the natural world have contributed heavily to the outbreak and spread of epidemic diseases like COVID-19.
Increased morbidity and mortality: due to air pollution, water pollution, chemical contamination, deforestation, waste accumulation, land degradation and excessive use of pesticides.
Increased meteorological uncertainties: Uncertain monsoon, the frequency of extreme events, the retreat of the Himalayan glaciers and the increase in mean sea levels.
Influenced by the current economic growth: which is based on the traditional model of “grow now, pay later” model, and isunsustainable in the medium to long-term and dangerous to public health.
Lack of understanding of climate changes leading to faulty solutions:
For, E.g. Hydro?uorocarbons, that were at one time seen as the panacea to ?x the depletion of the ozone layer, have a potent global warming potential.
Measures are taken to tackle climate change:
Adoption of carbon neutrality worldwide: In 2018, the American State of California was the ?rst to commit itself to carbon neutrality; the European Union has set a goal with the year 2050 in mind.
In Asia, China aims it to achieve in 2060 and, South Korea and Japan intend to achieve it by 2050.
Indian Commitments: At the Paris climate change conference India committed to have 40% of its energy mix from non-fossil fuel by 2030 and achieve carbon sequestration (2.5 to 3 billion tonnes).
Way Forward:
Understanding the 3 E’s: Evolution, Ecology and the Environment will be key to identifying potential pandemics.
Massive scientific invention and technological innovation: is a must for reducing greenhouse emission.
Shift to Renewable energy: As it opens up avenues for rearchitecting systems as a whole. This has happened, for instance, in the German electricity sector over the past decade and a half.
Develop Climate change infrastructure: 70% of the infrastructure required in India by the year 2050 is waiting to be established.