theIASHub | 10 Feb, 2025
1.President's Rule: Manipur CM recently resigned, and asked the Governor to dissolve assembly. He is likely to submit a report to the Centre, possibly President’s Rule could be imposed.
oIt allows the central government to take direct control of state governance.
oIt is one of the three types of emergencies (National, State & Financial Emergency) under the Indian Constitution.
oInvoked due to political instability, law & order breakdown, or a hung assembly.
oArticle 355: Centre ensures that the government of every state is carried on in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution.
oArticle 356: President can take over a state's functions if its government fails constitutionally.
oArticle 357: Exercise of legislative powers under proclamation issued under Article 356.
oArticle 365: If a state fails to follow the Centre’s directions, the President can assume control.
oApproval by Parliament: Must be sanctioned by both Houses within two months. When Parliament is not in session - proclamation survives until 30 days from the first sitting of the Lok Sabha, provided RS has approved it.
oValidity: Initially for six months, extendable up to 3 years (max) with approval every six months. President can revoke at any time without parliamentary approval.
oS.R. Bommai Case (1994): President’s Rule is subject to judicial review.
oSarkaria Commission: Article 356 should be used only as a last resort.
oPunchhi Commission: Emergency should be localized, affecting only specific districts, not the entire state.
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