Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate (CTED)

Mains Marks Booster     27th July 2023        

Introduction: India recently hosted a significant meeting of the United Nations Security Council’s Counter Terrorism Committee (UNSC-CTC) to address terror-financing through cryptocurrency and the use of drones in modern terrorism. The UNSC-CTC was established in response to the 9/11 terror attacks and aims to enhance global counter-terrorism capabilities.

Background

  • Its primary objectives include criminalizing terrorism financing, freezing terrorist-related assets, and promoting international cooperation to counter terrorist activities.

India proposed a five-point agenda at the meeting:

  1. Sustained efforts to counter terror-financing.
  2. Coordination between the UN and organizations like the Financial Action Task Force (FATF).
  3. Ensuring the effectiveness of the Security Council's sanctions regime.
  4. International cooperation and concerted actions against terrorists and their sponsors.
  5. Strengthening multilateral efforts to disrupt the nexus between terrorism and transnational organized crime.

Emerging Challenges for India

  • The use of emerging technologies by terrorists is a growing global concern.
  • Key conspirators and planners of past terror attacks often remain unpunished.
  • Political factors can hinder the effectiveness of international counter-terrorism efforts.
  • Terrorist groups have diversified their funding sources, exploiting new technologies and virtual currencies.
  • Pakistan's removal from the FATF's grey list coincided with a rise in terror attacks in Kashmir.

India's Counter-Terrorism Initiatives

  • Strengthening coastal security and establishing specialized agencies like the National Investigation Agency (NIA).
  • Creating the National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID) for comprehensive security-related information.
  • Establishing operational hubs for the National Security Guard and expanding the activities of the Multi-Agency Centre.
  • Setting up the Joint Operations Centre to monitor India's extended coastline.

Global Counter-Terrorism Efforts

  • The United Nations Office of Counter-Terrorism (UNOCT) leads the all-of-UN approach to prevent and counter-terrorism.
  • The UN Counter-Terrorism Centre (UNCCT) promotes international cooperation in the fight against terrorism.
  • The Terrorism Prevention Branch (TPB) of the UNODC assists member states in implementing the legal framework against terrorism.
  • The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) sets international standards to combat money laundering and terrorist financing.