26th July - AAJ KA QUALITY ENRICHMENT

Aaj Ka Quality Enrichment Program 26th July 2023 Save View in Hindi

KEYWORDS

From spurts of growth to sustained growth:

Meaning: It refers to the transition of an entity, such as a business or country’s economy from experiencing occasional bursts of progress to achieving continuous and steady development over an extended period.
Usage: It can be used in questions related to – India’s economic growth, India as $5trillion economy, Developed nation by 2047, three sectors of the economy – agriculture, manufacturing & services etc.

Enhancing performance, productivity and profitability (3Ps):

Meaning: Enhancing performance, productivity, and profitability, often referred to as the "3Ps," are the key elements which are interrelated and essential for achieving sustainable development and remaining competitive in the sector.
Usage: It can be used in questions related to – agricultural sector, cooperative societies, MSMEs and unorganized sector, manufacturing etc.

From the ‘take-make-dispose’ to ‘reduce-reuse-recycle’ model:

Meaning: Take-make-dispose: It means that raw materials are collected, then transformed into products that are used until they are finally discarded as waste.
Reduce-reuse-recycle: It means: Reduce the amount of waste, Reuse items as much as you can before replacing and Recycle items wherever possible.
Usage: It can be used in questions related to – urban development, Smart City, Circular economy, Conservation of nature, Environmental Pollution and Degradation, Environmental Impact Assessment, Disaster and Disaster Management, etc.

Triple planetary crisis: Climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss:

Meaning: It refers to the interconnected and escalating challenges posed by climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss.
These three crises are closely related and together have significant implications for the health of our planet and all life on it.
Usage: Environmental Pollution and Degradation (climate change and global warming), Environmental Impact Assessment, Circular Economy, Green Energy Transition, Conservation, Disaster and Disaster Management, etc.

CASE STUDIES/ EXAMPLES

Social security for elderly:

Atal Vayo Abhyuday Yojana (AVYAY): An umbrella scheme, includes components to provide financial security, healthcare, nutrition, shelter, welfare etc. for senior citizens.
Rashtriya Vayoshri Yojna (RVY): Assisted living devices are distributed free of cost, in camp mode, to senior citizens belonging to the families living below the poverty line.
Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS): Monthly pension at the rate of Rs.200/per month per beneficiary to elderly persons in the age group of 60-79 years (increases above 80) belonging to Below Poverty Line (BPL)
National Programme for Health Care of the Elderly (NPHCE), 2010-11: To provide dedicated healthcare services to senior citizens at various level of State Health Care delivery system i.e., at Primary, Secondary and Tertiary health care, including outreach services.
Elderly population in India: Census Report-2011, population of senior citizens is about 8.5% of the total population of the country.
National Commission on Population’s Report (2011-2036): It states that population of senior citizens in 2036 will be about 15% of the total population of India.
Significan

KEY FACTS

Challenges with the PM-JAY (Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana):

According to official data of PMJAY, nearly a third (33%) of hospitals empaneled under Ayushman Bharat are inactive.

Gig workers in India:

Informal work makes up the majority (more than 90%) of jobs in India.
GOI’s jobs data for 2021-22 shows that 53% of urban workers were classified as casual labour or self-employed.
Niti Aayog estimates more than 23 million people will be a part of it by the end of the decade.

PM/VP/PRESIDENT SPEECHES

Prime Minister’s Speech:

On Aspirational District Programme: It can help in assisting the countries of the Global South in their developmental trajectory.
On Mission LiFE (Lifestyle for environment): The issue of climate change can be tackled effectively by lifestyle change by everyone.

JUDGEMENTS/ COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION

Justice Verma committee on sexual harassment of women:

It recommended for the addition of section 376F (of the Indian Penal Code) defining breach of command responsibility resulting in sexual violence.
This failure of public servants in command, control or supervision to prevent or repress the commission of sexual violence be named as a penal offence.
When public servants fail to perform their duty, the burden must not lie on victims of mass violence to furnish proof for such impunity.

DEFINITION

Due process of law:

Definition: Due process of law contained in the America constitution determines whether a law is valid by examining both its procedural and substantive characteristics.
The judiciary has the power to determine the laws' procedural adequacy as well as its intention.
Procedure Established by Law: It is a Doctrine mentioned in British constitution that does not assess whether the laws made by the legislature or by the concerned authority is fair, just and not arbitrary.
The judiciary's role is limited to evaluating the procedure used by the legislature to enact the law in question.
In India: Article 21 of the constitution states that "No person shall be deprived of his life and personal liberty except according to the procedure established by law".

Refugee:

Definition: United Nations Refugee Convention 1951 defines the ‘refugee’ as:
“Someone who is unable or unwilling to return to their country of origin owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion.”
India’s Status: India is not a party to the 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol.

QUOTES

Quote on Individual development: “All that is valuable in human society depends upon the opportunity for development accorded the individual” - ALBERT EINSTEIN

Meaning: The quote highlights the critical role that individual development plays in shaping the overall progress and prosperity of society.
It emphasizes that the well-being and achievements of a society are intricately linked to the opportunities and support provided to its members to grow and reach their full potential.