Sundarbans Tiger Reserve – Expansion, Location, Flora & Fauna

Discover the Sundarbans Tiger Reserve in West Bengal – India's second-largest tiger reserve after its 2025 expansion. Learn about its location, unique mangrove ecosystem, rich biodiversity, and Royal Bengal Tiger habitat.

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Context

  • Recently, on the occasion of International Tiger Day, Union Environment Minister announced the expansion of the Sundarbans Tiger Reserve by 1,100 sq km. With this addition, the Sundarbans will become India's second-largest tiger reserve, further strengthening efforts toward tiger conservation and habitat protection.

About International Tiger Day

  • Celebrated annually on 29th July to raise global awareness about tiger conservation. 

Purpose

  • To highlight the urgent need to protect tigers and their natural habitats. 
  • To promote international collaboration in tiger conservation efforts.

Theme for 2025

  • "Securing the future of Tigers with Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities at the heart."

About Sundarbans Tiger Reserve

  • Situated in the coastal districts of South and North 24- Parganas in West Bengal.
  • Located at the southernmost end of the lower Gangetic delta, bordering the Bay of Bengal. 
  • Part of the Sundarbans, the world's largest delta, formed by the Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers. 
  • Only mangrove forest outside Bangladesh that hosts a significant population of Royal Bengal Tigers. It comprises around 105 islands of varying shapes and sizes.

Flora

  • True mangroves and their associates, Halophytic herbs and shrubs and Nonmangrove species, including epiphytes and parasitic plants

Fauna

  • Royal Bengal Tiger, Fishing Cat, Estuarine Crocodile, Gangetic Dolphin, Irrawaddy Dolphin, King Cobra, Water Monitor Lizard, numerous bird and reptile species.


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