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16 June 2026 4 views

Small Modular Reactors (SMRs)

theIAShub
theIAShub
16 Jun, 2026
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Small Modular Reactors (SMRs)
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Compact, factory-built nuclear reactors with advanced safety features and shorter construction timelines.

Why in News

India and France agreed to partner on cost-effective Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) and Advanced Modular Reactors (AMRs) under the 2025 Declaration of Intent during the Nice bilateral summit in June 2026.

Key Facts

  • Power capacity ranges from 10 MWe to 300 MWe per module, compared to 700–1,600 MWe for conventional reactors.
  • Factory-fabricated, then transported and assembled on-site, reducing construction time from 10–15 years to 3–5 years.
  • Enhanced safety through passive safety systems that function without external power or human intervention. (UPSC Mains Usage: GS3 — Energy Security — Nuclear Energy & Climate Mitigation)
  • Suitable for remote areas, islands, industrial clusters, and regions with limited grid infrastructure.
  • Lower upfront capital cost (per unit) compared to large reactors, though cost per MW may be higher.
  • Designed with inherent safety features: smaller fuel inventory, underground siting options, and natural coolant circulation.
  • International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) tracks over 80 SMR designs globally in various stages of development.
  • India's Bharat Small Modular Reactor (BSMR) program is under development by Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC).

Quick Revision Box

Term

Detail

Power Capacity

10–300 MWe per module

Construction Time

3–5 years (vs 10–15 for large reactors)

Safety Feature

Passive safety systems (no external power needed)

India's Program

Bharat Small Modular Reactor (BSMR) by BARC

Global Designs

Over 80 SMR designs tracked by IAEA

Ideal For

Remote areas, islands, industrial clusters


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