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11 June 2026 13 views

Motihari-Amlekhgunj Pipeline — South Asia's First Cross-Border Petroleum Pipeline

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theIAShub
11 Jun, 2026
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Motihari-Amlekhgunj Pipeline — South Asia's First Cross-Border Petroleum Pipeline
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69-km cross-border petroleum products pipeline connecting Motihari (Bihar, India) to Amlekhgunj (Nepal), inaugurated in 2019 as South Asia's first such infrastructure.

Why in News

India-Nepal energy cooperation continues to strengthen through the Motihari-Amlekhgunj petroleum pipeline, which remains a critical element of bilateral connectivity alongside the newly announced 10,000 MW hydropower export agreement discussed during Nepal FM's June 2026 visit.

Key Facts

  • 69-km long cross-border underground pipeline connecting Motihari (Bihar, India) to Amlekhgunj (Nepal).
  • Inaugurated in September 2019 by Indian PM Narendra Modi and Nepal PM K.P. Sharma Oli.
  • First-ever cross-border petroleum products pipeline in South Asia. (UPSC Prelims Usage: Superlatives like "first" are frequently tested)
  • Capacity: Transports 2 million metric tonnes per annum of diesel, petrol, and aviation turbine fuel.
  • Reduces transportation costs by eliminating the need for tanker trucks, cutting Nepal's fuel import costs by approximately ₹1 billion annually.
  • Built by: Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) in cooperation with Nepal Oil Corporation (NOC).
  • Strategic significance: Enhances Nepal's energy security and reduces dependency on road-based fuel imports vulnerable to disruptions.
  • Complements: India's broader energy integration with Nepal, including the Power Trade Agreement (2024) committing Nepal to export 10,000 MW of hydroelectricity to India over 10 years. (UPSC Mains Usage: Links to GS2 — bilateral relations; GS3 — energy security)

Quick Revision Box

Term

Detail

Motihari-Amlekhgunj Pipeline

69 km cross-border petroleum pipeline; inaugurated September 2019

Significance

First cross-border petroleum pipeline in South Asia

Capacity

2 million metric tonnes per annum — diesel, petrol, ATF

Built By

Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) with Nepal Oil Corporation (NOC)

Cost Savings

~₹1 billion annually for Nepal's fuel imports

Hydropower Agreement

2024 — Nepal to export 10,000 MW to India over 10 years


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