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27 May 2026 5 views

India's Leadership in Nagoya Protocol Implementation and Biodiversity Governance

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theIAShub
27 May, 2026
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India's Leadership in Nagoya Protocol Implementation and Biodiversity Governance
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India's First National Report reveals world-leading performance in Access and Benefit-Sharing (ABS) under the Nagoya Protocol, with 60.24% of global compliance certificates.

Why in News

The Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) released India's First National Report on the Nagoya Protocol, showcasing India's global leadership in biodiversity governance through its robust ABS framework under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD, 1992).

Key Facts

  • Nagoya Protocol: Adopted 2010 in Japan; entered force 2014 as supplementary agreement to CBD (1992) ensuring fair benefit-sharing from genetic resources through Prior Informed Consent (PIC) and Mutually Agreed Terms (MAT).
  • India's Global Leadership: Issued 3,556 Internationally Recognized Certificates of Compliance (IRCCs)24% of global total — highest worldwide.
  • ABS Approvals: 12,830 approvals granted (November 2017–December 2025) — 5,913 by National Biodiversity Authority (NBA), 6,917 by State Biodiversity Boards (SBBs).
  • Revenue and Benefit-Sharing: Collected ₹216.31 crore; disbursed ₹139.69 crore directly to local communities and conservers.
  • Institutional Framework: Three-tier structure — NBA (Chennai) established 2003 under Biological Diversity Act 2002, SBBs at state level, 2,76,653 Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs) at grassroots — world's largest community biodiversity network.
  • People's Biodiversity Registers (PBRs): 2,59,000+ PBRs documenting local biological resources and traditional knowledge maintained by BMCs.
  • Capacity Building: 3,724 workshops training 2,56,393 functionaries on ABS compliance and biodiversity governance.

Quick Revision Box

Term

Detail

Nagoya Protocol

2010 adoption; force 2014; supplementary to CBD (1992)

IRCCs by India

3,556 — 60.24% of global certificates

ABS Approvals

12,830 (Nov 2017–Dec 2025)

Revenue Disbursed

₹139.69 crore to communities (of ₹216.31 crore)

NBA Headquarters

Chennai; established 2003

BMCs

2,76,653 local committees; 2,59,000+ PBRs prepared

CBD Parties

196 countries; USA signed but not ratified



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