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18 June 2026 2 views

BGP Hijacking in Cybersecurity

theIAShub
theIAShub
18 Jun, 2026
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BGP Hijacking in Cybersecurity
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Cyber attack exploiting Border Gateway Protocol vulnerabilities to redirect internet traffic — critical internet infrastructure threat.

Why in News

A major BGP hijacking incident in June 2026 redirected traffic from Indian banking networks through malicious routing, exposing vulnerabilities in India's internet infrastructure security.

Key Facts

  • BGP (Border Gateway Protocol): Core routing protocol that enables data packet exchange between Autonomous Systems (AS) on the internet — the "postal service" of the internet.
  • BGP Hijacking: Malicious announcement of unauthorized IP address prefixes by an AS, causing traffic to be misdirected through attacker-controlled networks.
  • Attack types: Prefix hijacking (announcing exact prefix), Sub-prefix hijacking (announcing more specific route), AS path manipulation.
  • Detection difficulty: BGP operates on trust-based routing with no built-in authentication — hijacks can remain undetected for hours or days. (UPSC Mains Usage: Links to GS3 Cybersecurity and Critical Infrastructure Protection)
  • Impact: Enables traffic interception (espionage), denial-of-service attacks, cryptocurrency theft, censorship bypass.
  • Notable incidents: Pakistan Telecom vs YouTube (2008), China Telecom routes (2010, 2017), Russian AS hijacks (2017–2020).
  • RPKI solution: Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) provides cryptographic validation of route announcements — adoption rate globally only 35% as of 2026.
  • India's vulnerability: Only 12% of Indian AS networks have implemented RPKI Route Origin Validation (ROV) as of June 2026.

Quick Revision Box

Term

Detail

BGP

Border Gateway Protocol — internet routing backbone

BGP Hijacking

Malicious IP prefix announcement to redirect traffic

Trust Model

BGP operates on trust without authentication

RPKI

Resource Public Key Infrastructure — cryptographic validation

Global RPKI Adoption

Only 35% as of 2026

India RPKI Adoption

Only 12% of Indian AS networks (June 2026)

Famous Case

Pakistan Telecom hijacked YouTube routes (2008)


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