theIASHub | 02 Aug, 2025 | 4
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C (VEGF-C) : Recently, a team of Indian scientists proposed an innovative nanotechnology-based approach to treat advanced liver cirrhosis, which involves the use of VEGF-C-loaded nanocarriers.
o How It Works: Activates the VEGFR-3 receptor on cell membranes, promoting lymphatic vessel formation and function.
o Therapeutic Potential: Repairs lymphatic vessels in the liver and intestines
ü Enhances lymphatic drainage
ü Reduces ascites (abdominal fluid accumulation), a major complication in liver cirrhosis
o Clinical Limitations: Hydrophilic nature limits its ability to cross cell membranes
ü Short half-life reduces its effectiveness in the body
ü Risk of systemic side effects in uncontrolled delivery
o Nanocarrier Solution: Encapsulating VEGF-C in nanocarriers helps overcome these challenges by enabling targeted, sustained, and safer delivery to damaged liver tissues.
o Disease Progression: Repeated liver injury and attempts at repair lead to fibrosis, vessel distortion, and fluid buildup, especially in advanced stages.
o Lymphatic Involvement: Damage is not limited to blood vessels—lymphatic vessels also become dysfunctional, particularly in the intestinal area.
ü Lymph production can increase up to 30 times due to liver congestion and portal hypertension, overwhelming the drainage system.
ü This contributes significantly to ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdomen), yet no current treatment specifically targets lymphatic dysfunction.
o Common symptoms : Fatigue, jaundice, abdominal pain, swelling in the limbs and abdomen, itchy skin, unexplained weight loss, easy bruising or bleeding, mental confusion, dark urine, pale stools, and spider-like blood vessels on the skin.
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