theIASHub | 02 Dec, 2023 | 3
Context: Recently, new data from a global drought map compiled by the United Nations revealed that at least 23 countries, including India, declared drought emergencies at a national or sub-national level during 2022-23, highlighting unprecedented urgency on a planetary scale.
Key Points
Drought
oWater shortage: By 2050, over three-quarters of the global population, around 4.8-5.7 billion people, may experience water scarcity for at least one month annually, up from the current 3.6 billion.
oMigration: By 2030, an estimated 700 million people worldwide could be displaced due to drought.
oMortality: Over the past century, drought has claimed over 10 million lives, with 90% of these deaths occurring in developing countries.
oPoverty: Severe droughts have pushed nearly 13 million people in Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, and Odisha below the poverty line, causing a loss of nearly $400 million during a drought year.
oAgriculture impact: India's predominantly rainfed agriculture, constituting 60% of the sown area on average, is significantly affected.
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