theIASHub | 20 Jun, 2025 | 10
Rice Yellow Mottle Virus (RYMV) : Recently, a new genomic study published in PLOS Pathogens has raised concerns about the rapid spread of Rice Yellow Mottle Virus (RYMV) across large parts of East and West Africa.
o Historical Spread: The virus has been silently spreading across Africa for over a century, with its origins traced back to the mid-1800s in the Eastern Arc Mountains (now part of Tanzania).
o Initial Ecosystem: It likely originated from wild grasslands where rice was grown using slash-and-burn agriculture before spilling into cultivated rice fields.
o Geographic Spread: RYMV has spread from the Indian Ocean coast to Lake Victoria and reached Madagascar by the 1970s, following human movement through trade, colonial routes, and wartime transport.
o Impact: RYMV poses a severe threat to food security, rural economies, and farmer livelihoods, especially in regions where rice has replaced maize as a staple.
o Contributing Factors to Spread: Unregulated seed movement , Weak or collapsing farming biosecurity systems, Conflict zones and unstable governance and Unpredictable weather patterns and shifting farming seasons.
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