Musk Deer: Recently, the 2024 report titled Plant Breeding Programmes in Indian Zoos: Assessment and Strategic Actions by the Central Zoo Authority revealed that Indian zoos lack a conservation breeding programme for the endangered musk deer, despite its protection under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
o Failed Past Efforts: Breeding initiatives since 1965, including the Himalayan Musk Project (1982), failed due to poor planning and infrastructure.
o Species Misidentification: Confusion between Himalayan and Alpine musk deer compromised breeding accuracy.
o No Founder Stock: India lacks the essential founder stock to initiate a sustainable breeding programme.
o Lack of State Coordination: Despite being Uttarakhand’s state animal, musk deer conservation is not prioritized.
o China has successfully implemented a musk deer breeding program, using a non-lethal technique to extract musk from living animals.
o Behaviour: Solitary, nocturnal, and territorial. Males have curved canines and a musk gland, making them targets for poaching.
o Protection Status: Endangered (IUCN Red List) and under Schedule I of the WPA, 1972.
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