theIASHub | 19 Jun, 2025 | 21
Invasive Alien Species (IAS): Recently, as global trade adapts to new bilateral agreements and changing tariffs, a growing concern has emerged: the rising spread of Invasive Alien Species (IAS).
o A new analysis warns that these biological intrusions, often unintentionally introduced via trade routes, pose significant risks to biodiversity, food security, public health, and economic stability.
o Deliberate introductions (e.g., cane toads in Australia, mosquitofish and guppies in India) for biocontrol have often backfired.
o Biofouling during maritime trade allows aquatic species like the Asian paddle crab to travel undetected.
o India's import of PL 480 wheat (1955) introduced Parthenium, a toxic invasive plant now found nationwide.
o Introduction of Tilapia for food security displaced native freshwater species in Indian rivers.
o Key Characteristics They reproduce rapidly, enabling them to spread quickly and dominate new habitats.
ü They often thrive due to the absence of natural predators or competitors in the introduced environment.
ü Their broad environmental tolerance allows them to survive in extreme or varied climatic conditions.
ü They can disrupt ecosystem functions by altering processes like nutrient cycling, fire patterns, and habitat structure.
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