theIASHub | 18 Jul, 2025 | 8
Central Himalayan Region : Recently, for the first time, Indian scientists have obtained continuous, high-resolution ground-based measurements of major greenhouse gases in the Central Himalayan region.
o This breakthrough reveals how both natural processes and human activities are shaping emissions in this ecologically fragile and climate-sensitive zone.
o Based on five years of continuous ground measurements (2014–2018) in the Central Himalayan region.
o Diurnal and Seasonal Patterns: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) dips during the daytime, due to photosynthesis, but rises in spring due to biomass burning and minimal vegetation.
- Methane (CH₄) peaks in autumn, likely due to agricultural practices such as rice cultivation.
- Carbon monoxide (CO) shows highest levels in late spring, driven by regional pollution transported from the plains.
o CH₄: Increasing at 9.53 ppb/year, again exceeding background levels.
o CO: Declining at 3.15 ppb/year, possibly due to improved combustion or changing emission sources.
o Made up of Archaean rocks such as granite, gneiss, and ancient schist.
o Changing Orientation Across Regions: Southeast across northern Pakistan, northern India, and Nepal.
- Eastward through Sikkim and Bhutan.
- Northeast across northern Arunachal Pradesh.
o Prominent peaks, including Nanga Parbat, Mount Everest, Kanchenjunga, and Namcha Barwa.
o The range features steep slopes on its northern side and gentler slopes on the southern side.
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