theIASHub | 03 Apr, 2025 | 5
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International AI Safety Report 2025: The Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (British Government) and the AI Safety Institute (now AI Security Institute) recently released the first-ever International AI Safety Report 2025.
o U.K. is making the first legislative attempt to tackle threats posed by AI-generated CSAM.
o CSAM refers to material (audio, video, and images) depicting a sexually explicit portrayal of a child.
o WEF (2023) highlighted how generative AI can create life-like images, especially of children.
o Internet Watch Foundation (Oct 2024) reported the proliferation of CSAM on the open web.
o NHRC Advisory (Oct 2023): Replace ‘child pornography’ with ‘CSAM’ under the POCSO Act.
o Define ‘sexually explicit’ under Section 67B of IT Act to enable real-time CSAM identification and blocking.
o Redefine ‘intermediary’ under the IT Act to include VPNs, VPS, and Cloud Services, making them liable for CSAM compliance.
o Adopt the UN Draft Convention on ‘Countering the Use of Information and Communications Technology for Criminal Purposes’.
o Proposed Digital India Act 2023 must draw inspiration from the U.K.’s legislation to include AI-generated CSAM provisions.
Katchatheevu Island: Ahead of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Sri Lanka, the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly recently unanimously adopted a resolution urging the Union government to retrieve Katchatheevu Island from Sri Lanka.
oHistory: Was part of Madras Presidency (British India) before being ceded to Sri Lanka under the 1974 Indo-Sri Lankan Agreement signed by Indira Gandhi and Sirimavo Bandaranaike.
o Fishing Rights: Agreement allowed Indian fishermen to access Katchatheevu for drying nets and religious pilgrimage but denied them fishing rights.
o Long-standing Dispute: Tamil Nadu governments have consistently opposed the ceding of Katchatheevu, citing traditional fishing rights and livelihood concerns.
Chandra’s Surface Thermophysical Experiment (ChaSTE): The ChaSTE aboard Chandrayaan-3 became the first mission to successfully penetrate the soil of a celestial body to deploy a thermal probe.
o Features 10 temperature sensors spaced 1 cm apart along its length, near the nose-tip.
o Uses a rotation-based deployment mechanism for penetration.
o The probe descends by rotating its motor, encountering increasing soil resistance, confirming depth.
o Reached a depth of 10 cm and collected temperature measurements until September 2, 2023.
o Data confirmed higher-than-expected water ice presence in the Moon’s South Pole region.
North Sentinel Island: Recently, a man was arrested in Andaman and Nicobar Islands for allegedly entering the prohibited tribal reserve area of North Sentinel Island.
o Declared a protected area by the Indian government to preserve the Sentinelese tribe’s autonomy and shield them from potential diseases.
o Entire North Sentinel Island and 5 km of coastal sea from the high-water mark is notified as a tribal reserve.
o Hunt, gather in the rainforest, and fish in coastal waters for survival.
o Vigorously reject all contact with outsiders and have been known to greet visitors with spears and arrows.
o Believed to be connected to the Jarawa tribe based on physical and linguistic similarities.
o Carbon dating by the Anthropological Survey of India confirmed their presence on the island 2,000 years ago, while genome studies suggest Andaman tribes may have lived there for 30,000 years.
TARANG: It was recently inaugurated at the Hyderabad-based Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS).
o Supported by technical infrastructure such as transformers, diesel generators, UPS, batteries, multiple utility paths, lighting system, and earthing pits.
o Dedicated standalone system for AI & ML applications with 15.5 PetaFLOPS capacity.
o Enhances the next-generation Ocean State Forecast system with more accurate representation of physical processes → Non-hydrostatic dynamics → High-resolution local forecast nests → Advanced data assimilation techniques → Augmented forecasts using GPU processors.
Fiscal Health Index 2025: The Fiscal Health Index (FHI) was recently released.
o Covers 18 major states contributing significantly to GDP, demography, public expenditure, revenue, and fiscal stability.
o Odisha leads the Index, followed by Chhattisgarh, Goa, Jharkhand, and Gujarat.
o States manage two-thirds of public spending and one-third of total revenue, making their fiscal performance crucial for national economic stability.
o Based on data from the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) for FY 2022-23.
Western Ghats Project: The Ministry of Science & Technology and Earth Sciences recently submitted a written reply in the Lok Sabha regarding the Western Ghats Project.
o The proposal aimed to develop a GIS-based Spring Information System for selected districts of Western Ghats to assess climate and land use impacts on watershed hydrology.
o The committee rejected it due to lack of scalability and commercialization potential.
o UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the 36 biodiversity hotspots in the world.
o Home to high mountain forests, which are severely fragmented due to human activities like tea, coffee, and teak plantations.
BHARAT TEX 2025: The Ministry of Textiles has supported Export Promotion Councils/Associations in organizing Bharat TEX 2025, a Global Mega Textile Event, to showcase India's textile value chain, innovations, and investment potential in the sector.
o Handloom Sector Initiatives:
ü National Handloom Development Programme (NHDP): Financial assistance for raw materials, upgraded looms, solar lighting units, worksheds, skilling, and market linkages.
ü Raw Material Supply Scheme (RMSS): Freight reimbursement for all yarn types, 15% price subsidy for cotton hank yarn, silk, wool, linen, and natural fiber-blended yarn.
o Handicrafts Sector Initiatives: National Handicrafts Development Programme (NHDP) & Comprehensive Handicrafts Cluster Development Scheme (CHCDS)
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