theIASHub | 28 Mar, 2025 | 5
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Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act: The Indian Medical Association (IMA), while lauded the Haryana’s initiative to register all pregnant women mandatory during their first trimester. However, it has also highlighted that it contradicts the existing Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act which establishes a woman’s reproductive rights as solely her own.
o Medical Boards: All state and UT governments will constitute a Medical Board, to decide if a pregnancy may be terminated after 24 weeks.
o Section 5A of the MTP Act (amended in 2021) ensures confidentiality by prohibiting the disclosure of names and particulars of women undergoing abortion, except to authorised persons.Gaia Mission: Recently, the European Space Agency (ESA) shut down its space observatory mission Gaia.
o Originally named Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics (GAIA), later renamed Gaia.
o Designed for astrometry – mapping the cosmos by precisely measuring locations and movement of stars and celestial bodies.
o Positioned at Lagrange point 2 (L2), 1.5 million km behind Earth, allowing an unobstructed view of space.
o Equipped with twin telescopes directing light onto a billion-pixel digital camera, the largest flown in space.
o Instruments: Astrometer (Measures star positions and movements) → Photometer (Analyses brightness and colours) → Spectrometer (Determines chemical composition and velocities)
o Confirmed the galaxy’s central bar and spiral arms, and revealed that its disc is warped and wobbles due to past collisions with satellite galaxies.
o Discovered a new kind of black hole, including one near Earth, detected only by gravitational effects.
o Identified 150,000+ asteroids, mapped their orbits, and projected those that may threaten Earth.
Free Movement Regime (FMR): In February 2024, Union Home Minister Amit Shah announced the scrapping of the Free Movement Regime (FMR) along the Myanmar border.
o Allows all hill tribes (citizens of India and Myanmar) to travel within 16 km on either side of the Indo-Myanmar Border (IMB).
o Travelers must produce a border pass with a one-year validity issued by the competent authority.
o Each visit permits a stay of up to two weeks.
oImplemented in 2018 as part of the Central government’s Act East policy.
o Jointly implemented by both India and Myanmar for communities living along the IMB.
o Facilitates cultural assimilation, including weddings, common festivals, and trans-border trade.
o Reflects physical, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, and fraternal linkages among trans-border villagers.
o Extends from: North – Tripoint with China & South – Tripoint with Bangladesh.
o Guarded by: Assam Rifles.
Exercise Prachand Prahaar : The Army conducted a Tri-Service integrated multi-domain warfare exercise, ‘Prachand Prahaar’, in the high-altitude terrain of Arunachal Pradesh from March 25 to 27, 2025.
o It was conducted under the aegis of the Eastern Command to simulate future warfare scenarios.
o Utilized fighter aircraft, long-range rocket systems, artillery (up to 155 mm), swarm drones, kamikaze drones, and armed helicopters.
o Conducted within an electronically contested environment replicating modern battlefield scenarios.
Nag Anti-Tank Missile System (NAMIS): Recently, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) signed contracts worth ₹2,500 crore for Procurement of the tracked version of the Nag Anti-Tank Missile System (NAMIS) for the Indian Army’s mechanised formations.
o Advanced sighting system for enhanced firepower and lethality.
o Provides an operational advantage against enemy armour.
o Procured from: Force Motors Limited & Mahindra & Mahindra Limited.
o Key Features: Enhanced engine power with 800 kg payload capacity and provides mobility in all types of terrain and operational conditions.
o China unveiled a deep-sea cable-cutting device, capable of severing fortified underwater communication and power lines, highlighting the growing strategic importance of deep-sea technology.
o Developed by the National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) under the Samudrayaan Mission.
o Features a 2.1-meter internal diameter Titanium alloy personnel sphere, ensuring safe human transport to a 6000 m depth.
o Titanium alloy personnel sphere is being integrated in collaboration with ISRO.
Baalpan Ki Kavita Initiative: The Union Education Ministry recently launched the “Baalpan Ki Kavita” initiative to revive traditional Indian rhymes and poems for young children.
o Aims to compile a comprehensive collection of nursery rhymes and poems in all Bhartiya Bhashas (Indian languages) and English.
o Objective: Provide joyful and contextually relevant learning material for young learners.
Help children connect with cultural roots while making foundational education engaging.GSAT-18 Satellite: The Public Accounts Committee (PAC) has raised concerns over the economic viability of GSAT-18 due to the underutilisation of six transponders until 2027.
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