theIASHub | 18 Feb, 2025 | 5
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Recently, the Finance Minister has announced the launch of PMDKY during the Union Budget speech.
o The Department of Financial Services & NABARD will provide farm credit data.
Recently, China’s Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) set a world record by sustaining a plasma for 1,066 seconds at 100 million degrees Celsius.
o EAST is a superconducting tokamak (donut-shaped nuclear fusion reactor) developed by China for achieving controlled nuclear fusion.
o It is the world’s only tokamak that uses both toroidal and poloidal magnetic fields for plasma confinement.
o Magnetic Confinement: Uses superconducting electromagnets to generate strong magnetic fields for plasma stabilization.
o Plasma Heating: Plasma reaches millions of degrees Celsius to allow deuterium-tritium fusion.
o Energy Generation: The fusion reaction produces helium-4, neutrons, and 17.6 MeV of energy, which can be converted into electricity.
o Tokamaks (EAST, ITER): Use magnetic confinement but require external current for plasma stability.
o Stellarators: More complex but offer continuous plasma confinement without additional electric currents.
Recently, a magnitude 4 earthquake struck near Dhaula Kuan, Delhi (Zone 4), marking the strongest locally generated quake in at least five years.
o Residual geological faults still trigger occasional mild earthquakes.
o Unlike the Himalayan region, where earthquakes occur due to subduction of the Indian plate under the Eurasian plate, Delhi's quakes arise from localized stress release within ancient rock formations.
o Tectonic Earthquakes – Caused by movement of tectonic plates, the most common type (e.g., Himalayan earthquakes).
o Volcanic Earthquakes – Associated with volcanic activity due to magma movement (e.g., Mount St. Helens eruption).
o Collapse Earthquakes – Result from cave or mine collapses, generally of low magnitude.
o Induced Earthquakes – Triggered by human activities like reservoir-induced seismicity, mining, and geothermal energy extraction.
Recently, the Kashi Tamil Sangamam 2025 has commenced, celebrating the civilizational ties between Kashi (Varanasi) and Tamil Nadu.
o Celebrates North-South Cultural Bond: Showcases the historical and civilizational ties between Kashi (Varanasi) and Tamil Nadu.
o Promotes Literary Exchange: Multi-language and Braille translations of Thirukkural, Manimekalai, and other classic Tamil texts launched.
o Kanyakumari-Varanasi Tamil Sangamam Train: Flagged off by the PM.
o Knowledge Partners: Banaras Hindu University (BHU) and IIT Madras collaborating to enrich academic discussions.
INS Shardul & P8I aircraft (Long Range Maritime Surveillance), have arrived in Bali, Indonesia to participate in the International Fleet Review (IFR) 2025 and the Exercise Komodo.
o Non-combat military exercise focused on maritime cooperation.
o Multilateral naval exercise to enhance maritime interoperability and regional security.
o Theme for 2025: "Maritime Partnership for Peace and Stability".
o Fleet review showcasing naval capabilities including warships, helicopters, and aircraft.
o Bilateral meetings between participating naval forces.
o International Maritime Security Symposium.
o Defense exhibition and cultural parades.
The Government of India has recently approved the continuation of the integrated Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay Sanrakshan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA) Scheme till 2025-26 under the 15th Finance Commission cycle.
o Price Support Scheme (PSS): Physical procurement of pulses, oilseeds, and copra by Central Nodal Agencies (NAFED, FCI) with state government support.
o Central Government bears procurement costs and losses.
o Price Deficiency Payment Scheme (PDPS): Covers oilseeds with MSP notifications. Direct payment of the difference between MSP and the selling price to pre-registered farmers.
ü Payments are made directly to the farmer's bank account. No physical procurement involved.
o Pilot of Private Procurement and Stockist Schemes (PPPS): Allows private players to participate in procurement for oilseeds on a pilot basis.
ü Implemented in selected districts/APMCs for crops with MSP notifications.
ü Only one scheme (PSS or PDPS) can be operational for a commodity in a state.
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