theIASHub | 11 Mar, 2025 | 5
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Biosolids: It hold untapped potential for Indian agriculture, offering a cost-effective alternative to chemical fertilizers.
o Enhance soil fertility, improve crop productivity, and reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers.
o Aid in replenishing macronutrients and micronutrients in degraded soils.
o Reusing biosolids can convert waste into a valuable resource, supporting sustainable development and environmental conservation.
o Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0 & AMRUT 2.0 – Focus on sustainability, hygiene, and waste management.
o Waste to Wealth Mission – Promotes resource conversion from waste, including compost, biogas, and energy.
o National Mission for Clean Ganga – Reduces pollution from untreated sewage and promotes biosolid resource recovery.
National Mission on Monuments and Antiquities (NMMA): It was established in 2007 by the Government of India to prepare two national registers on monuments and antiquities.
o Documentation & Database Creation: Develop a database for planners, researchers, and heritage management.
o Uniform Documentation Format: Record Registered & Catalogued Antiquities from Central & State Governments, private museums, universities, and collections.
o Public Awareness & Sensitization: Promote awareness about preserving cultural and historical heritage.
o Training & Capacity Building: Extend training to State Departments, Local Bodies, NGOs, Universities, Museums, and local communities.
o Institutional Synergy: Facilitate collaboration between ASI, State Departments, institutions, and NGOs.
o Publication & Research: Encourage research and publication on heritage conservation.
Quick commerce (Q-commerce): It gained prominence during the COVID-19 pandemic, initially serving lockdown customers. Despite the pandemic ending, Q-commerce continues to reshape shopping habits, especially in urban India.
o Operates through dark stores (warehouses solely for online order fulfillment) and distribution centers.
o Close proximity to consumers ensures faster deliveries.
o Enables better inventory planning based on demand patterns (e.g., seasonal or demographic influences).
o EY-Parthenon attributes growth to low-cost manpower availability and abundant choice for consumers.
Bills of Lading Bill, 2024: Recently, Lok Sabha passed the Bills of Lading Bill, 2024, to update and simplify the legal framework for shipping documents.
o A bill of lading is a document issued by a freight carrier to a shipper, containing details about the type, quantity, condition, and destination of goods.
o The 1856 Act recognized the bill of lading as conclusive evidence of goods on board.
o It granted all rights of suit and liabilities regarding goods to: receiver as per the bill of lading and any third party to whom the receiver transfers ownership.
o The Bill retains all provisions of the 1856 Act while modernizing the legal framework.
o It empowers the Central Government to issue directions for implementation and includes a repeal and saving clause to eliminate colonial legacy.
Short-selling: The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is considering a major revamp of short-selling regulations, potentially allowing it for all stocks except those in the trade-to-trade (T2T) segment.
o The direct payout of securities may impact short-term strategies like buy-today-sell-tomorrow (BTST).
o Stocks purchased in earlier settlements but not yet delivered will not be considered short sales.
o Established in 1988, it gained statutory powers through the SEBI Act, 1992.
o Key reforms include paperless trading, electronic settlements, and the T+1 settlement cycle.
Nigai (Blue Bulls): 4,279 ‘nilgais’ culled in Bihar in 2024-25 (till Feb) due to widespread crop damage, as informed by State Environment Minister in the Assembly.
o IUCN Red List: Least Concern.
o Legal Protection: Listed under Schedule-III of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
o Nilgai declared vermin in Bihar in Dec 2015.
o Officials prepare a strategy before launching culling operations.
o Role of mukhiya (village head) is crucial in the entire process.
Smart Proteins: The Department of Biotechnology is funding research to develop smart proteins under the BioE3 initiative.
o The initiative aims to make food sources climate resilient and address protein deficiencies.
o Smart proteins require less land, water, and energy, reducing environmental impact.
o Fermentation-Derived Proteins: Sourced from microbes like algae, bacteria, and fungi.
o Plant-Based Proteins: Mimic the taste and texture of meat.
o Cell-Culture-Based Proteins: Animal cells grown in labs to produce edible proteins.
High-performance biomanufacturing involves producing medicines, materials, bio-based products, and addressing farming and food challenges using advanced biotechnological processes
Exercise KHANJAR-XII: Joint Military Exercise Khanjar-XII between India and Kyrgyzstan began at Tokmok, Kyrgyzstan.
o India: Troops from the Parachute Regiment (Special Forces).
o Kyrgyzstan: Troops from the Kyrgyz Scorpion Brigade.
o To exchange experiences and best practices in Counter-Terrorism and Special Forces Operations in urban and mountainous high-altitude terrain.
o Precision sniping, complex building intervention, and mountain craft.
o The venues alternate between India and Kyrgyzstan.
o The last edition was conducted in India in January 2024.
o Features cultural exchanges, including the celebration of the Kyrgyz festival Nowruz.
o Reaffirms the commitment of India and Kyrgyzstan to peace, stability, and security in the region.
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