theIASHub | 11 Feb, 2025 | 4
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o The Sanctuary falls within the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion.
o Declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1974.
o Vegetation Types: Northern tropical dry deciduous forests → Northern tropical dry mixed deciduous forests → Dry deciduous scrublands.
o Dominant Tree Species: Khair, Salai, Kardhai, Dhawda, Tendu, Palash.
o Kuno National Park, Madhya Pradesh, was the first site for cheetah reintroduction, receiving 8 cheetahs from Namibia and 12 from South Africa (2022–2023).
o Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary has now been selected as the second habitat to expand the cheetah’s range and ensure long-term conservation.
The Summit, co-chaired by India and France, is taking place in Paris on February 10-11, 2025, marking a pivotal moment in global AI governance.
o Actively engaged in AI safety discussions at international forums.
o Bletchley Park (U.K., 2023): Focus on frontier AI risks; launch of U.K. AI Safety Institute (AISI).
o Seoul (2024): Expansion to multilateral AI risk management through a network of AISIs (U.S., EU, France, Japan, Singapore).
o G20 Presidency (2023): Advocated for a pro-innovation AI governance approach.
o GPAI Meeting (Dec 2023): Stressed equitable access to AI resources.
Recently, Union Minister for Education launched 41 new books under the PM YUVA 2.0 scheme at the New Delhi World Book Fair 2025.
o Contestants submitted a 5000-word manuscript for selection → Proposals invited in 22 scheduled languages and English → Conducted by a committee constituted by the National Book Trust (NBT) → Assigned to help selected authors develop their manuscripts into full-fledged books.
It can be a better alternative to stubble burning by enhancing soil fertility and ensuring carbon neutrality in agriculture.
o Carbon-Negative Farming: This method removes more greenhouse gases than it emits, surpassing carbon neutrality.
o Sustainable Waste Management: Producing biochar from stubble prevents harmful carbon emissions from burning.
o Carbon Sequestration: Biochar locks carbon into the soil, providing a long-term solution for waste management and climate mitigation.
o Natural Carbon Storage: This approach captures CO₂ and stores it in the soil, making it one of the most effective carbon sequestration methods.
Several Indian firms are keen to invest in the Saudi Arabia’s Diriyah Giga project, as per latest report.
The Hindustan Aeronautics Limited’s (HAL) Hindustan Jet Trainer HJT-36a has been renamed Yashas after extensive modifications to improve departure characteristics and spin resistance, earlier called Sitara.
o Weight reduction and replacement of obsolete imported equipment with Indian Line Replaceable Units (LRUs).
o Can perform stall and spin maneuvers, aerobatics, armament carriage up to 1000kg, and single-point ground refueling & defueling.
o Features a stepped-up rear cockpit with a drooped nose for enhanced situational awareness and all-around vision.
o Equipped with a State-of-the-Art Glass Cockpit with Multi-Function Displays (MFDs) and Heads-Up Display (HUD).The agriculture ministry has recently revised guidelines for the Market Intervention Scheme (MIS), increasing the crop procurement limit from 20 to 25 %.
o Market Intervention Scheme (MIS): It is a program that protects farmers from selling their perishable agricultural and horticultural commodities at a loss.
o Implementation: When market prices fall below economic levels or there is a bumper crop.
o MIS activation condition: Implemented only when market price drops by at least 10% compared to the previous normal year.
o Procurement limit increased: Production coverage limit raised from 20% to 25%.
o Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) Option: States can pay the difference between Market Intervention Price (MIP) and selling price directly into farmers’ bank accounts instead of physical procurement.
Recently, IIT Guwahati expert highlighted, changes in lake ecosystems due to environmental shifts must be studied for sustainable rejuvenation.
o Maritime Borders: Cyprus, Egypt, Romania, Russia, Ukraine.
o Eutrophication: Urban & agricultural sub-basins had the highest nutrient loads, leading to oxygen depletion & harm to aquatic life.
o Seasonal Variation: Pollution peaked in low-flow summer months, worsening water quality and forested Regions showed higher nutrient retention, improving water quality.
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