А Better Terror Fight with J&K Police Under State Reins

Amid rising terror threats in Jammu & Kashmir, experts call for restoring J&K Police under elected government control. Community-centric, locally governed policing can bridge intelligence gaps and enhance counter-terror strategies in the region.

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Context

  • With renewed terror threats in Jammu and Kashmir and recent gaps in human intelligence (as seen in the Pahalgam attack), there is a growing call for re-empowering local institutions. This editorial argues that restoring control of the J&K Police to an elected government can enhance counter-terror efforts through community-centric policing.

Background

  • J&K has witnessed persistent insurgency and terror threats; addressing this requires locally rooted solutions.
  • J&K Police (JAKP) is the most effective counterterrorism tool due to its intiimate knowledge of terrain and demographics. 
  • Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha recently called for JAKP to adopt a multi-pronged approach involving tech, intelligence, and community policing. 

Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019

  • Special Status under Article 370: Jammu and Kashmir enjoyed autonomy with its own Constitution; Parliament could legislate only with the state's concurrence.
  • Limited Central Jurisdiction: Indian laws needed state approval to apply in J&K, restricting full integration with the Union.
  • Contentious Provision: Over time, Article 370 was seen as promoting separatism, hampering development, and enabling terrorism.
  • Government Action: In August 2019, the central government moved to revoke Article 370, citing national unity, security, and development as key motivations.

Challenges Highlighted 

  • Lack of HUMINT (Human Intelligence): Major gaps led to incidents like the Pahalgam strike (April 2025), where terrorists remain at large.
  • Absence of Elected Oversight: Currently, JAKP functions under the LG, without local democratic control or grassroots accountability.
  • Democratic Deficit: Despite voter enthusiasm in local body polls, elected representatives lack operational authority, especially in the security domain. 
  • One-Size-Fits-All Approach: Centralised policing fails to adapt to the sub-regional variations in terror dynamics within J&K.

Way Forward

  • Democratic Control of JAKP: Place police under the elected government to ensure policies reflect local realities and concerns.
  • Empowering Local Representatives: Integrate sarpanchs, MLAs, and MPs into the security framework to improve information flow and accountability.
  • Participatory Policing: Institutionalise regular dialogue between police and elected leaders for intelligence gathering and trust-building. 
  • Context-Specific Strategy: Move away from centralised templates and enable locally governed, decentralised counter-terror operations.


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