VISHALGAD FORT (Syllabus: GS Paper 1 – History)

Context: Violence erupted during an anti-encroachment operation at Vishalgad Fort on Sunday morning as miscreants assaulted local shopkeepers and hurled stones at policemen on duty.

Vishalgad Fort

• Location: It is situated in Vishalgad village, Kolhapur district, Maharashtra, also known locally as Khelna or Khilna.
• Historical Significance: It was established in 1058 by Shilahara king Marsinh, originally named Khilgil. Over the centuries, it saw control by various dynasties including the Seuna Yadavas, Khiljis, Vijayanagar Empire, and finally the Marathas.
• Under Maratha Rule: Shivaji captured Vishalgad in 1659 from the Adilshahi rulers, renaming it to Vishalgad, meaning grand fort. 

o It became a strategic stronghold during the Maratha Empire, serving as the capital of a substantial region.

• Features of Vishalgad Fort:

o Architecture and Location: Covering 1130 square meters atop the Sahyadri ranges at 3500 feet elevation, Vishalgad offers a commanding view of its surroundings.

o Religious and Cultural Sites: The fort houses notable structures like the Dargah of Hazrat Sayed Malik Rehan Meera Saheb, Amruteshwar Temple, Shri Nrusinha Temple, and Sati's Vrindavan, attracting numerous visitors.

o Historical Remembrance: It includes tombs dedicated to Phulaji Prabhu Deshpande and Baji Prabhu Deshpande, revered for their service during Shivaji's reign.

Battle of Pawankhind:

• Historical Context: The Battle of Pawankhind occurred on July 13, 1660, as part of Shivaji's escape from the siege of Panhala fort by Siddi Johar. With just 600 soldiers, Shivaji sought refuge at Vishalgad, pursued by Siddi's formidable force of 30,000 troops.
• Heroic Stand of Baji Prabhu: Baji Prabhu Deshpande and his 300 soldiers famously defended Ghod Khind, allowing Shivaji time to reach Vishalgad safely. Baji Prabhu's sacrifice and valor are commemorated in Maratha history for his unwavering loyalty and bravery.