Three-Language Formula (TLF)

2.Three-Language Formula (TLF): The Kothari Commission (1964-66) was introduced the Three-Language Formula (TLF) to promote multilingualism and national integration in India's educational system.

• About the objectives of TLF: To promote multilingualism and national integration by ensuring students learn multiple languages.
• About Kothari Commission (1964-66)

oChairman: Daulat Singh Kothari

oFormed in: 1964, Report submitted: 29 June 1966

oExcluded: Medical & legal studies

• Major Recommendations:

oFor Hindi-Speaking States: Study of Hindi as the first language → Inclusion of English as the second language → A modern Indian language (preferably from South India) as the third language.

oFor Non-Hindi-Speaking States: Study of the regional language as the first language → Inclusion of Hindi as the second language → English as the third language.