PM JANAM SCHEME (Syllabus: GS Paper 2 – Govt Scheme)

Context: The Union Cabinet recently approved the Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN), aimed at providing PVTG households and habitations with basic facilities.

Who are PVTGs

• Dhebar Commission: In 1960-61, the Dhebar Commission pinpointed disparities among Scheduled Tribes, prompting the establishment of the "Primitive Tribal Groups" (PTG) category.
• Evolution: In 2006, the PTG category underwent a name change, becoming Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).
• Group Expansion: Initially encompassing 52 groups, the PVTG category was later expanded to include 75 groups. 
• Distribution: Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu.

PM-JANMAM Scheme

• Launch: On Janjatiya Gaurav Diwas, commemorating the birth anniversary of Birsa Munda, in the state of Jharkhand.
• Objective: To provide essential amenities such as road and telecom connectivity, electricity, secure housing, clean drinking water, sanitation, as well as improved access to education, health, nutrition, and sustainable livelihood opportunities.
• Coordinating Role: Implementation of the scheme will involve the collaboration of nine ministries, with the Ministry of Tribal Affairs playing a pivotal role in overseeing the process.
• Beneficiary: The government has identified 75 tribal communities and primitive tribes, collectively numbering in the lakhs and residing in over 22 thousand villages across the country.
• Focus: The initiative will concentrate on 11 critical interventions tailored for the PVTGs.