Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: Recently, an international study published in Nature Communications revealed that rising global temperatures could substantially increase the prevalence and severity of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).

o The study warns that if climate change continues unchecked, it could lead to serious consequences for public health, the economy, and overall well-being.

• About OSA: Most common sleep-related breathing disorder, affecting nearly 1 billion people globally.

o It occurs when throat muscles intermittently relax during sleep, blocking the airway and interrupting breathing.

o These episodes cause a drop in blood oxygen levels and repeatedly disturb sleep, often without the person being fully aware.

• Major Health Risks Associated with OSA:

o Cardiovascular Diseases: Increases the risk of high blood pressure, heart attack, and stroke.

o Anxiety and Depression: Chronic sleep disruption can contribute to or worsen mental health conditions.

o Cognitive Disorders: Linked to a higher risk of dementia, memory loss, and Parkinson’s disease.

o Reduced Quality of Life: Daytime fatigue, mood swings, and impaired concentration.

• A 2023 study by AIIMS, New Delhi, published in Sleep Medicine Reviews, estimated that,104 million working-age Indians suffer from OSA and nearly 50% of them have moderate to severe forms.