NANO DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE (Syllabus: GS Paper 3 – Agriculture)

Context: A two-year field experiment on the efficacy of nano diammonium phosphate (DAP) by scientists from the Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) has found a substantial decrease in wheat yields compared to conventional nitrogen fertiliser application.

Nano Diammonium Phosphate (DAP)

• About: It is an efficient source of available nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P2O5) for all the crops and helps in correcting the Nitrogen & Phosphorus deficiencies in standing crops.
• Nutrient Content: It provides essential nutrients for crops with 8% Nitrogen and 16% Phosphorus by volume.
• Enhanced Efficiency: With a particle size less than 100 nanometers, it offers a greater surface area to volume ratio, enhancing nutrient uptake.
• Regulatory Approval: IFFCO’s Nano DAP is the only Nano fertilizer approved by the Ministry of Agriculture and listed in the Fertilizer Control Order.
• Nano DAP (Liquid) Plant: It is India’s first liquid nano-ammonia phosphate (DAP) plant.
• Significance of Nano DAP

o Nano DAP supports smart agriculture practices and contributes to climate change mitigation by reducing chemical runoff and minimizing environmental impact.

o The nano-sized particles of Nano DAP allow for superior absorption through seed surfaces and plant openings, leading to more effective nutrient uptake.

o Functionalized nano clusters enhance seed vigor, boost chlorophyll levels, and increase photosynthetic efficiency for better plant growth.

Diammonium Phosphate (DAP)

• About: It is rich in phosphorus (P), essential for root establishment and growth, making it crucial at sowing time.
• DAP is the second-most consumed fertilizer in the country, leading to government promotion of its liquid form to reduce imports and cut fertilizer subsidies.
• Efficiency Comparison: Compared to Nano DAP, traditional DAP is less efficient, offering reduced performance in nutrient delivery.