COPERNICUS CLIMATE CHANGE SERVICE (Syllabus: GS Paper 3 – Sci and Tech)

Context: According to the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), June marked the hottest on record globally, with temperatures averaging 0.67°C above the 1991-2020 average.

Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S)

• About: C3S is one of six thematic information services under the Copernicus Earth Observation Programme of the European Union.
• Operational Framework: It operates as part of an established programme leveraging existing research infrastructures and knowledge across Europe and globally.
• Societal Impact: C3S provides authoritative climate information covering historical, current, and future climate trends globally, supporting informed decision-making.
• Support for European Policies: The service aims to bolster European climate policies and actions, enhancing societal resilience against anthropogenic climate change.
• Scientific Foundations: C3S bases its outputs on climate research conducted within the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) and responds to user needs outlined by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS).
• Implementation Structure: The service is implemented by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) on behalf of the European Commission.

Copernicus Programme

• Purpose: Copernicus is the European Union’s comprehensive Earth Observation Programme aimed at providing reliable environmental data.
• Data Collection Systems: It integrates data from diverse sources including earth observation satellites, ground stations, airborne and sea-borne sensors.
• Service Areas: Copernicus delivers information through services focused on land, marine, atmosphere, climate change, emergency management, and security.