Battle of Karnal

1.Battle of Karnal: On February 24, 1739, the Battle of Karnal occurred near Karnal (Haryana), approximately 110 km north of Delhi, where Persian emperor Nadir Shah decisively defeated Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah's forces, leading to the eventual decline of Mughal power in India.

• About the Belligerents: The Persian Empire led by Emperor Nadir Shah & Mughal Empire led by Emperor Muhammad Shah.
• Decisive Persian Victory: The battle lasted around three hours, resulting in a significant defeat for the Mughal forces.
• Aftermath: Nadir Shah captured Delhi, leading to extensive plundering, including the acquisition of the Peacock Throne and the Koh-i-Noor diamond.
• Decline of Mughal Power: The defeat at Karnal marked a turning point, accelerating the decline of the Mughal Empire in India.
• Territorial Changes: Mughal territories west of the Indus River were ceded to the Persian Empire.