SINDHU-SARASVATI CIVILIZATION (Syllabus: GS Paper 1 – History)

THEIASHUB
Get an Instant Call Back from Our Expert Mentors Now!
+91

Context: The new NCERT Class 6 Social Science textbook incorporates several new elements, including references to the Harappan civilization as the ‘Sindhu-Sarasvati’ and ‘Indus-Sarasvati’ civilization


Sindhu-Sarasvati Civilization

  • About: The Harappan civilization is also known as the 'Indus-Sarasvati' or 'Sindhu-Sarasvati' civilization, including major cities like Rakhigarhi and Ganweriwala.
  • Discovery of Civilization: A civilization was discovered in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent in 1920-21 following the excavations at Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa.
  • Geographic Spread: These settlements embrace Baluchistan, the whole of Sindh and Punjab, Gujarat and Rajasthan, a part of the Ganga Basin, banks of the Ghaggar-Hakra River, and the valley of the Narmada River.
  • Contemporary Political Boundaries: In terms of contemporary political boundaries, of these 1400 settlements, nearly 925 are in India and 475 are in Pakistan.
  • Distribution Pattern: A close look at the distribution pattern of these settlements discloses that about 80% of the sites are located on a vast plain between the Indus and the Ganga, mainly on the bank of the Sarasvati River.
  • River Names: The river, now seasonal, is known as 'Ghaggar' in India and 'Hakra' in Pakistan, referred to as the 'Ghaggar-Hakra River'.
  • Decline Factors: Two agreed-upon factors for the Harappan civilization's decline are climate change reducing rainfall and the drying up of the Sarasvati river.
  • Abandoned Cities: The drying up of the Sarasvati river led to the abandonment of cities like Kalibangan and Banawali.
  • Advanced Civilization: The Indus-Sarasvati civilization is considered to be the most advanced among all its contemporary civilizations, with highly developed agriculture, architecture, trade, and urbanization in addition to advanced pottery and usage of script.


UPSC QEP 2026 Batch 5 - English
UPSC QEP 2026 Batch 5 - English
Buy now View Details
Submit Your Details to Learn More
I agree to give my consent to receive updates through SMS/Email & WhatsApp*.

NEEV GS + CSAT Foundation 2026/27
NEEV GS + CSAT Foundation 2026/27
Buy now View Details



Join theIAShub’s Mains Answer Writing Program

Refine your answer writing skills and elevate your UPSC preparation with personalized support and expert feedback.

Fill out the form to get started with the program or any other enquiries !

I agree to give my consent to receive updates through SMS/Email & WhatsApp*.

Best IAS Coaching In Delhi, UPSC Online & Offline Classes by IAShub

Are you dreaming of becoming an IAS officer? Then, IAShub can be your best guide. It is one of the Best IAS Coaching in Delhi. Many students who want to clear the UPSC exam join IAShub for learning. The institute gives both online and offline classes. Their teachers are experienced and helpful. They easily explain every topic. Students also get notes, tests, and tips to do well in the exam.

UPSC Online Classes by IAShub

IAShub is in Delhi and is trusted by many UPSC students. It offers coaching for every part of the UPSC exam – Prelims, Mains, and Interview. The classes are simple and easy to understand. The teachers are experts and guide students in the right way. IAShub is also known for its helpful notes, test series, and answer-writing practice. IAShub is the best coaching in Delhi and also gives UPSC Online Classes. This helps students from any place in India to learn. The online classes are live and also recorded. So, students can watch them anytime. These classes cover the full UPSC syllabus.

Key Offerings Provided by IAShub

Here are some important services provided by IAShub:

  • UPSC Prelims: IAShub teaches for Prelims with a focus on basics. It also gives daily current affairs and monthly magazines.
  • Classroom Courses: IAShub has classroom learning for students in Delhi. The environment is good and peaceful for study.
  • Live Classes: Students who live far can join live UPSC online classes. These classes are just like real classes.
  • QEP for Mains: The Quality Enrichment Program (QEP) is special for Mains preparation. It helps students write better and faster.
  • Answer Writing: Regular answer writing practice is given. Teachers also check answers and give tips to improve.
  • Free Resource: IAShub gives free notes by toppers and helpful Main Booster material.
  • Test Series: Test series are available for every subject. These help students know their weak points and improve.
  • Interview Guidance Session: IAShub also gives interview practice sessions with experts. These help students feel confident.

UPSC Exam Overview

The UPSC Civil Services Exam has three parts:

  • Prelims: It has two papers: General Studies and CSAT.
  • Mains: It has nine papers, including essays and optional subjects.
  • Interview: It tests the personality and confidence of the student.

This exam is tough, but with the right guidance, it becomes easy to manage. Students must study smart and stay regular.

How IAShub Helps in the UPSC Journey

IAShub supports students from the beginning to the end. It gives the right books, tests, and notes. The classes are easy to follow, and the teachers are always ready to help. Students get personal doubt sessions too. The test series and answer checking help students learn where they need to do better. Also, free study materials save time and money.
IAShub also guides students during the final stage – the interview. Experts take mock interviews and give useful tips. This full support makes IAShub one of the best IAS coaching in Delhi.

Best IAS Coaching In Delhi FAQs

Yes, IAShub offers live and recorded online classes. Students can attend from any part of India.

Classes are available in both English and Hindi, so students can choose the language they are comfortable with.

The classroom centre is located in Delhi. Students can visit and join offline batches there.

IAShub gives interview guidance sessions to help students prepare for the final round of UPSC.