PHILIPPINES (Syllabus: GS Paper 1 – Geography)

Context: India has pledged its support to the Philippines as tensions escalate in the South China Sea.

Philippines

• About: The Philippines is an archipelagic country situated in Southeast Asia.
• Island Composition: Comprising approximately 7,640 islands, it forms a vast and diverse geographical landscape.
• Geographical Divisions: The islands are categorized into three main geographical divisions from north to south: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.
• Capital: Manila 
• Bordered by: Philippine Sea to the east, the South China Sea to the west, and the Celebes Sea to the south, the Philippines sits amidst a network of seas.
• Nearby Territories: Adjacent to Borneo, Taiwan, and Sulawesi, the Philippines is strategically located in the Pacific Ocean region.
• Highest Peak: Mount Apo stands as the highest peak, while the Cagayan River is the longest river, showcasing the country's diverse topography.
• UNESCO World Heritage Site: Puerto Princesa Subterranean River.
• Volcanic Activity: Situated along the Pacific Ring of Fire, the Philippines experiences frequent seismic and volcanic occurrences, featuring active volcanoes like Mayon, Pinatubo, and Taal.
• Energy Production: As the world's second-largest geothermal energy producer, the Philippines harnesses its natural resources for sustainable power generation.
• Biodiversity and Climate: With a tropical maritime climate characterized by heat and humidity, the Philippines boasts significant biodiversity, making it a megadiverse country.