LABEO CATLA (Syllabus: GS Paper 3 – Env and Eco)

Context: Catla (Labeo catla) was one of the top 10 species of aquatic animals harvested by humans in 2022, according to a new report released by the United Nations.

Labeo Catla

• About: It the second most important species after rohu (mrigal is third), is used as the surface feeder component in Indian major carp polyculture systems. I
• Geographic Distribution: The species is endemic to the riverine system in northern India, the Indus plain, and adjoining hills of Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Myanmar. It has been introduced into various riverine systems, reservoirs, and tanks across India.
• Traditional Farming Origins: Catla used to be traditionally farmed in the ponds of eastern Indian states and later spread across the country during the second half of the 20th century.

• Importance: Catla, along with Rohu and Mrigal, are among the most farmed fish in India's inland fisheries.
• Top Aquatic Animal Species Produced in 2022: Whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) led with 6.8 million tonnes, followed by various species including catla.
• Diverse Species Following Catla: Cupped oysters nei, grass carp, Nile tilapia, silver carp, and anchoveta were among the top species produced, with catla following Japanese carpet shell.