Context: Recently, the Meteorological Department (IMD) issued heatwave warnings, urging caution, as Delhi reached a record-breaking temperature of 52.3 degrees Celsius.
Heatwave
o if the temperature is 4.5°C above the normal temperature.
o El Nino's Influence: One significant factor contributing to heatwaves is the El Nino weather pattern, characterized by abnormal warming of waters in the equatorial Pacific Ocean.
o High-Pressure Systems: Another factor contributing to heatwaves is the presence of high-pressure systems over the Southern peninsula and South-Eastern coastal areas.
o Atmospheric Dynamics: These high-pressure systems push warm air closer to the Earth's surface, intensifying heat levels and hindering the incoming sea breeze that typically cools the land.
o Cumulative Effects: The combined influence of El Nino and high-pressure systems creates a potent environment conducive to prolonged heatwaves and extreme heat events.
o In the last two years alone, India has seen an unprecedented 328 heatwave days.
o 2023 was the hottest year on record.
o It involved setting up an early warning system, improving the healthcare system and creating awareness.
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